{"id":5742,"date":"2018-08-22T16:47:20","date_gmt":"2018-08-22T23:47:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5742"},"modified":"2018-10-11T15:02:26","modified_gmt":"2018-10-11T22:02:26","slug":"tropical-palm-scale-hemiberlesia-palmae-cockerell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5742","title":{"rendered":"Tropical Palm Scale | Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell)"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em><\/strong>(Cockerell): Tropical palm scale<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hemiptera: Diaspididae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\n

PEST RATING PROFILE<\/h3>\n

Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background:<\/u><\/strong> \u00a0<\/em>\u00a0Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> is a widely-distributed armored scale.\u00a0 This highly polyphagous species has been reported to feed on plants in at least 92 genera in 53 families.\u00a0 Reported hosts include avocado, banana, bromeliads, cactus, citrus, coffee, mango, olive, palms (including coconut), and at least one species of fern (Agricultural Research Service, 1969; Garc\u00eda Morales et al., 2016; Kondo and Mu\u00f1oz, 2016; McKenzie, 1956; Santos and Wolff, 2015; Sep\u00falveda et al., 2010; Thuy et al., 2011).\u00a0 Although it is a widespread species and feeds on many economically-important plants, no information was found suggesting that it is a significant pest (Dekle, 1976; Granara De Willink and Claps, 2003; Nu\u00f1ez, 2008).\u00a0 Feeding is reported to cause yellow spots on leaves (Schmutterer, 1971).\u00a0 Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> is reported to be parthenogenetic (Brown, 1965).<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em>is apparently of neotropical origin, but it has been established over a wide area.\u00a0 It has been reported from Europe (including Spain, Portugal, and in greenhouses in the United Kingdom), Africa (including Angola, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zaire), Asia (including China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam), Australia, the Caribbean (including Antigua and Barbuda, Cuba, and Jamaica), Central America (including Guatemala and Panama), New Guinea, numerous Pacific islands, South America (including Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru), and North America (Mexico and the United States, where it is reported from Alabama, Florida, and Puerto Rico) (Am\u00fan and Claps, 2015; Ben-Dov and S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda, 2015; Culik et al., 2011; De Lotto, 1967; Franco et al., 2011; Garc\u00eda Morales et al., 2016; Germain et al., 2008; Gonz\u00e1lez and Charl\u00edn, 1968; Granara De Willink and Claps, 2003; Kondo and Mu\u00f1oz, 2016; Malumphy, 2012; Malumphy, 2014; Miller, 2005; Ponsonby, 1994; Szent-Ivany and Catley, 1960; Thuy et al., 2011; Vasquez et al., 2002; Waltman et al., 2016; Williams, 1973).\u00a0 Some (possibly most) of the records from more temperate areas (e.g., Europe) were associated with greenhouses.<\/p>\n

Official Control:<\/u><\/strong> Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em>is regulated in New Zealand and is a controlled pest in Korea (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2016).<\/p>\n

California Distribution: <\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Although Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em>has been found at various times in nurseries in California, it is not currently known to be established in the state.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em>has been intercepted numerous times on plant material from various origins, including Florida, Central America, and South America (California Department of Food and Agriculture).<\/p>\n

The risk Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> is highly polyphagous and availability of host plants is not likely to limit its potential distribution in California.\u00a0 The known distribution of this species includes many tropical and subtropical areas, but some records are from desert areas as well, for example, the Azapa Valley in Chile (Gonz\u00e1lez and Charl\u00edn, 1968).\u00a0 It seems likely that climate would limit the potential distribution of this scale to the warmer southern portions of the state.\u00a0 Therefore, Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em>receives a Medium (2)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range: <\/strong>Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> is highly polyphagous and has been reported to feed on plants in at least 53 families.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a High (3)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) <\/strong>has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Pest Reproductive and Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> Hemiberlesia palmae <\/em>apparently has high reproductive and dispersal potential.\u00a0 It is parthenogenetic, so a female does not have to mate to produce viable offspring.\u00a0 The frequent interceptions on plant material indicate that it could be spread through that pathway.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a High (3)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) <\/strong>has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

Economic Impact:<\/strong> Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> is regulated by some countries, and if it became established in California, this could lead to the loss of markets.\u00a0 If control measures were taken by growers to control this scale, it would likely increase production costs.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a Medium (2)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact:\u00a0 B, C<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score: 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) <\/strong>causes 2 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> If Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> became established in California, it would likely attack a wide variety of crop and ornamental plants, and this could trigger treatments. Therefore, it receives a Medium (2)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact: D<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact Score: 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em>: Medium (12)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

\u2013Low = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium = 9-12 points<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

6)<\/strong> Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Although Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> has been found in various nurseries in California, it has apparently been eradicated whenever found and is not considered to be established in the state.\u00a0 It receives a Not established (0)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013Not established (0) <\/strong>Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: Medium (12)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

There is significant uncertainty regarding the ability of this scale to inflict significant damage on plants in California.\u00a0 Although this scale is widespread and feeds on a wide diversity of plants, including many economically important ones, no information was found quantifying damage caused by this feeding.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Hemiberlesia palmae<\/em> is a highly polyphagous scale that could become a pest in California if it became established here.\u00a0 In addition, it is regulated by some countries and its presence in the state could impact trade. \u00a0It is not known to be present in California.\u00a0 For these reasons, an \u201cA<\/strong>\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

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References: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Agricultural Research Service.\u00a0 1969.\u00a0 Cooperative economic insect report 19.\u00a0 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Pest Control Division, Survey and Detection Operations.<\/p>\n

Am\u00fan, C. and Claps, L. E.\u00a0 2015.\u00a0 Listado actualizado de diasp\u00eddidos sobre frutos tropicales y primer registro de Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> (Cooley) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) para la Argentina.\u00a0 Insecta Mundi 0449:1-11.<\/p>\n

Ben-Dov, Y. and S\u00e1nchez-Garc\u00eda, I.\u00a0 2015.\u00a0 New data on several species of scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from southern Spain.\u00a0 Bolet\u00edn de la Sociedad Entomol\u00f3gica Aragonesa 56:313-317.<\/p>\n

Brown, S.W.\u00a0 1965.\u00a0 Chromosomal survey of the armored and palm scale insects (Coccoidea: Diaspididae and Phoenicoccidae).\u00a0 Hilgardia 36:189-294.<\/p>\n

California Department of Food and Agriculture.\u00a0 Pest and damage record database.\u00a0 Accessed July 3, 2018:
\nhttps:\/\/pdr.cdfa.ca.gov\/PDR\/pdrmainmenu.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

Culik, M. P., Wolff, V. R. S., Peronti, A. L. B. G., Ben-Dov, Y., and Ventura, J. A.\u00a0 2011.\u00a0 Hemiptera, Coccoidea: Distribution extension and new records for the states of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Cear\u00e1, and Pernambuco, Brazil.\u00a0 Check List 7:567-570.<\/p>\n

Dekle, G. W.\u00a0 1976.\u00a0 Florida Armored Scale Insects.\u00a0 Florida Department of Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, Florida.<\/p>\n

De Lotto, G.\u00a0 1967.\u00a0 A contribution to the knowledge of the African Coccoidea (Homoptera).\u00a0 Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 29:109-120.<\/p>\n

Food and Agriculture Organization.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 List of quarantine pests in Korea.\u00a0 Accessed July 6, 2018:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.ippc.int\/en\/countries\/republic-of-korea\/reportingobligation\/2014\/04\/the-list-of-quarantine-pest-2013\/<\/p>\n

Franco, J. C., Russo, A., and Marotta, S.\u00a0 2011.\u00a0 An annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Portugal, including Madeira and Azores Archipelagos.\u00a0 Zootaxa 3004:1-32.<\/p>\n

Garc\u00eda Morales, M., Denno, B. D., Miller, D. R., Miller, G. L., Ben-Dov, Y., and Hardy, N. B. 2016.\u00a0 ScaleNet: A literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics.\u00a0 Accessed July 20, 2018:
\nhttp:\/\/scalenet.info<\/a><\/p>\n

Germain, J. F., Attie, M., Barbet, A., Franck, A., and Quilici, S.\u00a0 2008.\u00a0 New scale insects recorded for the Comoros and Seychelles Islands. pp. 129\u2013135. In Branco, M., J. C. Franco, and C. J. Hodgson. [Eds.]. Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Scale Insect Studies, Oeiras, Portugal, 24\u201327 September 2007. ISA Press. Lisbon, Portugal. 322 pp.<\/p>\n

Gonz\u00e1lez, R. H. and Charl\u00edn, R.\u00a0 1968.\u00a0 Nota preliminar sobre los insectos coccoideos de Chile.\u00a0 Revista Chilena de Entomolog\u00eda 6:109-113.<\/p>\n

Granara De Willink, M. C. and Claps, L. E.\u00a0 2003.\u00a0 Cochinillas (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) presents en plantas ornamentals de la Argentina.\u00a0 Neotropical Entomology 32:625-637.<\/p>\n

Kondo, T. and Mu\u00f1oz, J. A.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) associated\u00a0with avocado crop, Persea americana<\/em> Mill. (Lauraceae) in Valle del Cauca and neighboring\u00a0departments of Colombia.\u00a0 Insecta Mundi 0465:1-24.<\/p>\n

Malumphy, C.\u00a0 2012.\u00a0 Arthropods intercepted on air plants (Tillandsia<\/em> spp.) imported from Guatemala into England and Wales.\u00a0 Entomologist\u2019s Gazette 63:54-62.<\/p>\n

Malumphy, C.\u00a0 2014.\u00a0 An annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles.\u00a0 Zootaxa 3846:069-086.<\/p>\n

McKenzie, H. L.\u00a0 1956.\u00a0 The Armored Scale Insects of California.\u00a0 University of California Press, Berkeley, California.<\/p>\n

Miller, D. R.\u00a0 2005.\u00a0 Selected scale insect groups (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in the southern region of the United States.\u00a0 Florida Entomologist 88:482-501.<\/p>\n

Nu\u00f1ez, E.\u00a0 2008.\u00a0 Plagas de paltos y c\u00edtricos en Per\u00fa.\u00a0 324-344 in Ripa, R. and Larral, P. (eds.) Manejo de Plagas en Paltos y C\u00edtricos.\u00a0 Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Cruz, Chile.<\/p>\n

Ponsonby, D. J.\u00a0 1994.\u00a0 Biological control of glasshouse scale insects using the coccinellid predator, Chilocorus nigritus<\/em>.\u00a0 Ph.D. thesis.\u00a0 University of London.<\/p>\n

Santos, M. G. and dos Santos Wolff, V. R.\u00a0 2015.\u00a0 Two species of armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) associated with sori of ferns.\u00a0 EntomoBrasilis 8:232-234.<\/p>\n

Schmutterer, H.\u00a0 1971.\u00a0 Contribution to the knowledge of the crop pest fauna in Ethiopia.\u00a0 Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Angewandte Entomologie 67:371-389.<\/p>\n

Sep\u00falveda C., G., Vargas C., H., Bobadilla G., D., Caj\u00edas A., E., and Gallo D., P.\u00a0 2010.\u00a0 Protocolos de manejo de plagas bajo criterios de producci\u00f3n limpia en olivo.\u00a0 pp. 83-105 in<\/em> A. Villavicencio and F. Tapia (eds.), Formulaci\u00f3n de sistemas de producci\u00f3n limpia para los principales cultivos del valle de Azapa.\u00a0 Proyecto Innova Chile de Corfo, Arica, Chile.<\/p>\n

Szent-Ivany, J. J. H. and Catley, A.\u00a0 1960.\u00a0 Host plant and distribution records of some insects in New Guinea and adjacent islands.\u00a0 Pacific Insects 2:255-261.<\/p>\n

Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network.\u00a0 Accessed July 20, 2018:
\nhttp:\/\/scan1.acis.ufl.edu<\/a><\/p>\n

Thuy, N. T., Vuong, P. T., and Hung, H. Q.\u00a0 2011.\u00a0 Composition of scale insects on coffee in Daklak, Vietnam and reproductive biology of Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae<\/em> Kuwana (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).\u00a0 Journal of the International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences 17:29-37.<\/p>\n

Vasquez, J., Delgado, C., Couturier, G., and Ferrero, D. M.\u00a0 2002.\u00a0 Les insectes nuisibles au goyavier (Psidium guajava<\/em> L.: Myrtaceae) en Amazonie p\u00e9ruvienne.\u00a0 Fruits 57:323-334.<\/p>\n

Waltman, K. G., Ray, C. H., and Williams, M. L.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 The armored scale insects (Hemiptera Diaspididae) of Alabama, USA.\u00a0 REDIA 99:229-231.<\/p>\n

Williams, D. J.\u00a0 1973.\u00a0 Scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea) on macadamia.\u00a0 Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 12:81-91.<\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Kyle Beucke, 1220 N Street, Room 221, Sacramento, CA, 95814, 916-403-6741,\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Period:* CLOSED<\/span><\/h5>\n

8\/22\/18 \u2013 10\/6\/18<\/p>\n

\n
*NOTE:<\/span><\/h5>\n

You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. \u00a0If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell): Tropical palm scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: \u00a0\u00a0Hemiberlesia palmae is a widely-distributed armored scale.\u00a0 This highly polyphagous species has been reported to feed on … Continue reading Tropical Palm Scale | Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":325,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18,5],"tags":[675],"class_list":["post-5742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hemiptera","category-entomology","tag-a-rated-pest"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-1uC","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":10663,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=10663","url_meta":{"origin":5742,"position":0},"title":"Hemiberlesia diffinis (Newstead): a hard scale","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"June 8, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Hemiberlesia diffinis (Newstead): a hard scalePest Rating: A download pest rating Profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1954,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1954","url_meta":{"origin":5742,"position":1},"title":"Insects, Mites & Earthworms","author":"Admin","date":"May 13, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Insects and mites are related in that their skeletons are on the outside (Phyllum: Arthropoda), but differ in that adult insects have six legs and adult mites have eight.\u00a0 Both groups can be beneficial, neutral or destructive to their environment.\u00a0 Like nematodes, they can cause yearly losses in the billions\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ratings"","block_context":{"text":"Ratings","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=333"},"img":{"alt_text":"Insects and Mites Banner","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1075,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1075","url_meta":{"origin":5742,"position":2},"title":"Hemiberlesia ithacae (Ferris): Hemlock Scale – Synonym: Abgrallaspis ithacae","author":"Jason Leathers","date":"September 21, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Hemiberlesia ithacae (Ferris): Hemlock Scale Synonym: Abgrallaspis ithacae Hemiptera:\u00a0 Diaspididae Pest\u00a0Rating: \u00a0B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On December 11, 2013 an official with Santa Cruz County contacted CDFA with questions regarding the risk associated with Abgrallaspis ithacae (Hemlock Scale).\u00a0 The current destruction of large numbers\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hemiptera"","block_context":{"text":"Hemiptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=18"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8323,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=8323","url_meta":{"origin":5742,"position":3},"title":"Aspidiella hartii (Cockerell): a scale","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"April 15, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Aspidiella hartii (Cockerell): a scalePest Rating: A download pest rating profile *NOTE\u00a0 You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8519,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=8519","url_meta":{"origin":5742,"position":4},"title":"Pseudaonidia duplex (Cockerell): camphor scale","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"June 15, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Pseudaonidia duplex (Cockerell): camphor scalePest Rating: A download pest rating profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9356,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=9356","url_meta":{"origin":5742,"position":5},"title":"Pseudischnaspis bowreyi (Cockerell): Bowrey scale","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"December 17, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Pseudischnaspis bowreyi (Cockerell): Bowrey scalePest Rating: A download pest rating profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/325"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5742"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5822,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5742\/revisions\/5822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}