{"id":5547,"date":"2018-06-28T00:30:31","date_gmt":"2018-06-28T07:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5547"},"modified":"2018-08-13T13:36:40","modified_gmt":"2018-08-13T20:36:40","slug":"ambrosia-beetle-euwallacea-similis-ferrari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5547","title":{"rendered":"Ambrosia Beetle | Euwallacea similis (Ferrari)"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Ambrosia Beetle | Euwallacea similis <\/em><\/strong>(Ferrari)<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

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PEST RATING PROFILE<\/h3>\n

Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Euwallacea similis<\/em> is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background:<\/u><\/strong> \u00a0<\/em>Adult female Euwallacea similis<\/em> measure approximately 2.5 mm in length.\u00a0 Males are smaller, approximately 1.8 mm long.\u00a0 Body color is reddish-brown (Kalshoven, 1964).\u00a0 Like other ambrosia beetles, this species excavates galleries in wood.\u00a0 Ambrosia fungus becomes established in these galleries and provides the primary food source for the larvae.\u00a0 This beetle is common in stressed and dead (including cut) trees in the tropics; it is not known to attack healthy trees (Browne, 1961; CABI, 2018; Kalshoven, 1964; Maiti and Saha, 1986).\u00a0 Some ambrosia beetles directly damage cut timber via tunneling behavior and stain the wood with the ambrosia fungus.\u00a0 Browne (1961) reported E. similis<\/em> to attack cut trees, and Sittichaya and Beaver (2009) reported damage to sawn rubber tree wood.\u00a0 Reported host plants of E. similis<\/em> include 62 genera in 29 families (Kalshoven, 1964; Maiti and Saha, 1986; Wood and Bright, 1992).<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Ambrosia beetles are easily introduced to new localities via movement of infested wood.\u00a0 This is likely the reason that the native distribution of E. similis<\/em> is uncertain. \u00a0However, this beetle is thought to be native to Asia and the Pacific from Pakistan to the Solomon Islands (CABI, 2017).\u00a0 Countries included in the presumed native distribution are Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam (CABI, 2017; Mathew et al., 2005; Rabaglia et al., 2006; Schedle, 1968).\u00a0 This beetle has been introduced to Cameroon, Egypt, Jordan, Kenya, Mauritania, Mauritius, Pacific Islands (including Christmas Island, Cocos Island, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, and Samoa), Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, and the United States (Florida, Mississippi, and Texas) (Atkinson, 2018; CABI, 2017; K. Fairbanks, pers. comm.; Halbert, 2012; Halbert, 2014; Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network).<\/p>\n

Official Control:<\/u><\/strong> Euwallacea <\/em>similis<\/em> is a Controlled Pest in the Republic of Korea (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2016).<\/p>\n

California Distribution: <\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Euwallacea <\/em>similis<\/em> is not known to occur in California (Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network).<\/p>\n

California Interceptions:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Euwallacea <\/em>similis <\/em>was intercepted on Limnophila chinensis<\/em> cuttings from Hawaii in 2004 (CDFA Pest and Damage Report Database, 2018).<\/p>\n

The risk Euwallacea similis <\/em>wo<\/em>uld pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> Euwallacea similis<\/em> is apparently restricted to tropical and subtropical areas, so climate could limit the distribution of this species in California. This beetle has been reported to utilize numerous species of trees in at least 29 families.\u00a0 Most or all of California has trees from many of these families (Calflora, 2018).\u00a0 Fungus, which is the food of all life stages of similis<\/em>, is carried by the adult female and would therefore be introduced to any new places this beetle inhabits. \u00a0Therefore, Euwallacea similis <\/em>receives a Medium (2)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range: <\/strong>Euwallacea similis<\/em> feeds on fungi in galleries that are excavated in trees. Trees in at least 29 families are used by this beetle.\u00a0 A broad host range is typical of ambrosia beetles.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a High (3)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Pest Reproductive and Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> There is evidence suggesting that ambrosia beetles that have brother-sister mating, which is the case with similis<\/em>, have an enhanced ability to disperse and colonize new areas.\u00a0 A single female, whether fertilized or not, can start a new population.\u00a0 If she is unfertilized, she can produce sons from unfertilized eggs and mate with them.\u00a0 Euwallacea similis<\/em> flies (specimens have been caught with funnel traps).\u00a0 Rapid, long-distance dispersal could result from movement of infested firewood (Wood, 2007).\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a High (3)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> Euwallacea similis <\/em>is reported to only attack stressed, dead, or dying trees; it is not reported to attack healthy trees (CABI, Kalshoven, 1964).\u00a0 However, this species is reported to attack sawn timber, and it could therefore damage cut timber through gallery excavation and staining caused by the ambrosia fungus (Sittichaya and Beaver, 2009).\u00a0 Avoidance of this damage could require a change in normal cultural practices.\u00a0 There is also the chance that this beetle could vector a plant-pathogenic fungus to economically-important trees. \u00a0Therefore, it receives a Medium\u00a0 (2)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact:\u00a0 D, E<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. <\/strong>The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/span><\/p>\n

E.\u00a0<\/strong>The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/span><\/p>\n

F.\u00a0The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score:\u00a0 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) <\/strong>causes 2 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> Euwallacea similis<\/em> has not been reported to have an environmental impact anywhere it has been introduced. This does not mean that this beetle is not capable of having an impact in California. \u00a0Ambrosia beetles are less constrained than other scolytines in their host plant choices, and this makes it more difficult to predict what trees might be attacked in a new environment.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a High (3)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact: A, B<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. <\/strong>The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/span><\/p>\n

B. <\/strong>The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact Score: \u00a03<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) <\/strong>causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Euwallacea similis<\/em>: High (13)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

\u2013Low = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

\u2013High <\/strong>= 13-15 points<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Euwallacea similis <\/em>is not known to be present in California.\u00a0 It receives a Not established (0) in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013Not established (0) <\/strong>Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: High (13)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

There is a lack of evidence that E. similis<\/em> is having economic or environmental impacts in the United States, where this species is apparently established in Florida, Mississippi, and Texas.\u00a0 Therefore, the possible economic impacts considered in this proposal may be pessimistic.\u00a0 There do not appear to be any reports of E. similis<\/em> having an environmental impact anywhere in the world.\u00a0 However, this may simply reflect a lack of research rather than an actual lack of impact.\u00a0 Ambrosia beetles depend on ambrosia fungi, which have their own environmental requirements, including temperature and humidity (Kirisits, 2007).\u00a0 The climate of California may not be suitable for these fungi, which may preclude the establishment of E. similis<\/em>.\u00a0 Drought-stressed trees could be more susceptible to attack by ambrosia beetles, including E. similis<\/em>.\u00a0 Therefore, an increase in drought resulting from climate change could make California\u2019s trees more vulnerable to this and other ambrosia beetles.\u00a0 There is also uncertainty regarding the possibility of E. similis<\/em> (and other ambrosia beetles) interacting with plant-pathogenic fungal species that are already present in California.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

There is no evidence that Euwallacea similis<\/em> causes economic or environmental damage anywhere it is known to have been introduced.\u00a0 However, it seems that a cautious approach is best with possible forest pests.\u00a0 The behavior of this beetle may be different in the environments of California.\u00a0 At least one introduced ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus<\/em>, has become a serious pest species in the southeastern United States; it is having a significant impact on the environment as well as threatening the avocado industry.\u00a0 The fungus symbiosis with ambrosia beetles raises special concerns, because the beetle could bring with it possibly pathogenic fungi new to California, or it could develop a new relationship with fungi already here.\u00a0 For these reasons, an \u201cA<\/strong>\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

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References: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Atkinson, T. H.\u00a0 2018.\u00a0 Bark and ambrosia beetles.\u00a0 Accessed: February 16, 2018: http:\/\/www.barkbeetles.info\/about.php<\/a><\/p>\n

Browne, F. G.\u00a0 1961.\u00a0 The biology of Malayan Scolytidae and Platypodidae.\u00a0 Malayan Forest Records 22:1-255.<\/p>\n

CABI.\u00a0 2017.\u00a0 Invasive Species Compendium. \u00a0Accessed February 2, 2018: www.cabi.org\/isc<\/a><\/p>\n

Calflora. \u00a02018.\u00a0 Information on California plants for education, research and conservation, with data contributed by public and private institutions and individuals. \u00a0Accessed February 6, 2018: http:\/\/www.calflora.org<\/a><\/p>\n

CDFA Pest and Damage Report Database.\u00a0 2018.\u00a0 Euwallacea similis<\/em>.\u00a0 Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services. CA Department of Food and Agriculture.\u00a0 Accessed April 25, 2018: https:\/\/pdr.cdfa.ca.gov\/PDR\/pdrmainmenu.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 List of quarantine pests in Korea.\u00a0 Accessed February 2, 2018:\u00a0https:\/\/www.ippc.int\/en\/countries\/republic-of-korea\/reportingobligation\/2014\/04\/the-list-of-quarantine-pest-2013\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Halbert, S. E.\u00a0 2012.\u00a0 Entomology section.\u00a0 Tri-ology 51:7-9.<\/p>\n

Halbert, S. E.\u00a0 2014.\u00a0 Entomology section.\u00a0 Tri-ology 53: 6-9.<\/p>\n

Kalshoven, L. G. E.\u00a0 1964.\u00a0 The occurrence of Xyleborus perforans<\/em> (Woll.) and X. similis<\/em> in Java (Coleoptera, Scolytidae).\u00a0 Beaufortia 11:131-142.<\/p>\n

Kirisits, T.\u00a0 2007.\u00a0 Fungal associates of European bark beetles with special emphasis on the ophiostomatoid fungi.\u00a0 pp. 181-235 in<\/em> Lieutier, F., Day, K.R., Battisti, A., Gr\u00e9goire, J-C., and H.F. Evans, H.F. (eds.), Bark and wood boring insects in living trees in Europe, a synthesis.\u00a0 Springer.<\/p>\n

Maiti, P. K. and Saha, N.\u00a0 1986.\u00a0 A contribution to the knowledge of the bark and timber beetles (Scolytidae: Coleoptera) of the islands of Andaman and Nicobar, India.\u00a0 Records of the Zoological Survey of India Miscellaneous Publication Occasional Paper 86:1-182.<\/p>\n

Mathew, G., Shamsudeen, R. S. M., and Chandran, R.\u00a0 2005.\u00a0 Insect fauna of Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India.\u00a0 ZOO\u2019s Print Journal 20:1955-1960.<\/p>\n

Rabaglia, R. J., Dole, S. A., and Cognato, A. I.\u00a0 2006.\u00a0 Review of American Xyleborina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) occurring north of Mexico, with an illustrated key.\u00a0 Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99:1034-1056.<\/p>\n

Schedl, K. E.\u00a0 1968.\u00a0 On some Scolytidae and Platypodidae of economic importance from the territory of Papua and New Guinea.\u00a0 Pacific Insects 10:261-270.<\/p>\n

Sittichaya, W. and Beaver, R.\u00a0 2009.\u00a0 Rubberwood-destroying beetles in the eastern and gulf areas of Thailand (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae, Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae).\u00a0 Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 31:381-387.<\/p>\n

Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network.\u00a0 Accessed February 16, 2018:\u00a0http:\/\/scan1.acis.ufl.edu<\/a><\/p>\n

Wood, S. L.\u00a0 2007.\u00a0 Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America.\u00a0 Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.<\/p>\n

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Author:<\/h5>\n

Kyle Beucke, 1220 N Street, Room 221, Sacramento, CA, 95814, 916-403-6741; plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 2800 Gateway Oaks, Sacramento CA 95833, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Period:* CLOSED<\/span><\/h5>\n

6\/28\/18 \u2013 8\/12\/18<\/p>\n

\n
*NOTE:<\/span><\/h5>\n

You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. \u00a0If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Posted by ls\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Ambrosia Beetle | Euwallacea similis (Ferrari) Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae Pest Rating: A   PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Euwallacea similis is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: \u00a0Adult female Euwallacea similis measure approximately 2.5 mm in length.\u00a0 Males … Continue reading Ambrosia Beetle | Euwallacea similis (Ferrari)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":325,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[669,15,5],"tags":[675],"class_list":["post-5547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-rated","category-coleoptera","category-entomology","tag-a-rated-pest"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-1rt","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":8208,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=8208","url_meta":{"origin":5547,"position":0},"title":"Cyclorhipidion distinguendum (Eggers): an ambrosia beetle","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"March 16, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Cyclorhipidion distinguendum (Eggers): an ambrosia beetlePest Rating: C download pest rating profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "C-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"C-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=671"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5257,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5257","url_meta":{"origin":5547,"position":1},"title":"Trypodendron signatum (Fabricius)","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"April 20, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for\u00a0 Trypodendron signatum (Fabricius) Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Trypodendron signatum is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: Trypodendron signatum is an ambrosia beetle that ranges in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5263,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5263","url_meta":{"origin":5547,"position":2},"title":"Black Timber Bark Beetle | Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford)","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"April 24, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Black Timber Bark Beetle | Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Xylosandrus germanus is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: Xylosandrus germanus is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5261,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5261","url_meta":{"origin":5547,"position":3},"title":"Granulate Ambrosia Beetle | Xylosandrus crassiusculus Motschulsky","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"April 24, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Granulate Ambrosia Beetle\u00a0 |\u00a0\u00a0Xylosandrus crassiusculus Motschulsky Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Xylosandrus crassiusculus is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background:\u00a0\u00a0Xylosandrus crassiusculus is a moderate-sized (adult females\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5265,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5265","url_meta":{"origin":5547,"position":4},"title":"Black Twig Borer | Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff)","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"April 24, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Black Twig Borer | Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Xylosandrus compactus is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: Xylosandrus compactus is a small\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8985,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=8985","url_meta":{"origin":5547,"position":5},"title":"Xyleborus pfeilii (Ratzeburg): an ambrosia beetle","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"September 30, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Xyleborus pfeilii (Ratzeburg): an ambrosia beetlePest Rating: C download pest rating profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "C-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"C-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=671"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5547","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/325"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5547"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5547\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5703,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5547\/revisions\/5703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5547"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5547"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5547"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}