{"id":5318,"date":"2018-04-30T14:12:59","date_gmt":"2018-04-30T21:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5318"},"modified":"2018-06-22T12:51:10","modified_gmt":"2018-06-22T19:51:10","slug":"a-mealybug-trionymus-sasae-kanda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5318","title":{"rendered":"A Mealybug | Trionymus sasae (Kanda)"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Trionymus sasae <\/em><\/strong>(Kanda): a mealybug<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h5>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Trionymus sasae<\/em> is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background:<\/u><\/strong> \u00a0Trionymus sasae <\/em>is only known to occur in Japan and it is associated with (and presumably feeds on) bamboo (Garc\u00eda Morales et al., 2016).\u00a0 The localities it is reported from in Japan have a subtropical climate (Kawai, 1980).\u00a0 Other species of Trionymus<\/em> are also associated with grasses (Poaceae), and some are pests of crop (e.g., barley and sugarcane) or ornamental (e.g., bamboo) plants (Alvarez, 2004; Jansen, 2009; Portilla and Cardona, 2004).<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Trionymus sasae <\/em>is only known from Japan.<\/em>\u00a0 It was reportedly intercepted in California on bamboo from Oregon in 1995, so it is possible that this mealybug may be established in other areas (possibly Oregon), but if so, this has not been reported (Gill, 1995).\u00a0 Alternatively, this bamboo may have originally been shipped from Japan.<\/p>\n

Official Control:<\/u><\/strong> Trionymus sasae <\/em>is not known to be under official control anywhere.<\/p>\n

California Distribution: <\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Trionymus sasae<\/em> is not known to be present in California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Trionymus sasae <\/em>has been intercepted on bamboo from Japan and Oregon (California Department of Food and Agriculture; Gill, 1995).<\/p>\n

The risk Trionymus sasae <\/em>wo<\/em>uld pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> The areas in Japan where sasae<\/em> is reported to occur have a subtropical climate. If this mealybug became established in California, it might be limited to warmer areas, for example, the southern coast.\u00a0 Therefore, T. sasae <\/em>receives a Medium (2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) <\/strong>may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range: <\/strong>Trionymus sasae<\/em> has been associated with two genera of bamboo. Therefore, it receives a Low (1)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) <\/strong>has a very limited host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) has a wide host range.<\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> Trionymus sasae <\/em>has been intercepted on bamboo, so it is apparently capable of being dispersed through shipment of plant material.\u00a0 Bamboo is a popular plant and is presumably moved frequently throughout the state.\u00a0 Therefore, sasae<\/em> receives a Medium (2)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) <\/strong>has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> Trionymus sasae <\/em>lives on bamboo plants, which are popular ornamentals in California. \u00a0If this mealybug became established in California, it could attack bamboo plants in nurseries, impacting their health or at least detracting from their appearance and value.\u00a0 This could increase production costs.\u00a0 Therefore, sasae<\/em> receives a Low (1)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact:\u00a0 B<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score: 1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) <\/strong>causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> There are many rare species in the family Poaceae in California (Calflora). If sasae<\/em> became established in California, it could threaten some of these species.\u00a0 This mealybug could also impact ornamental bamboo plantings, and this could trigger treatments.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a High (3)<\/span> <\/strong>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact:\u00a0 B, D, E<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Environmental Impact Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) <\/strong>causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Trionymus sasae<\/em>: Medium (9)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

\u2013Low = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium = 9-12 points<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Trionymus sasae<\/em> is not known to be present in California.\u00a0 It receives a Not established (0)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013Not established (0) <\/span><\/strong>Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: Medium (9)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Uncertainty:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The known distribution of this species suggests it may be limited to warmer (subtropical) climates.\u00a0 If so, it may not be capable of establishment in California, or its area of potential distribution in the state could be quite limited.\u00a0 The potential of T. sasae<\/em> to damage plants is also not known.\u00a0 Little information is available on this species, so the pest significance of other Trionymus<\/em> species was considered in this proposal.\u00a0 The potential of this mealybug to impact native grasses in California would require that this species not be limited to bamboo.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Very little information is available regarding the biology of Trionymus<\/em> sasae<\/em>.\u00a0 This mealybug is not known to be present in California and it attacks bamboo (an important ornamental plant in the state).\u00a0 For these reasons, an \u201cA<\/strong>\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

\n
References: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Alvarez, J.M.\u00a0 2004.\u00a0 Trionymus haancheni<\/em> McKenzie: A new pest of barley in Idaho.\u00a0 Plant Management Network.\u00a0 5 pp.<\/p>\n

Calflora: Information on California plants for education, research and conservation, with data contributed by public and private institutions and individuals, including the Consortium of California Herbaria.\u00a0 Accessed March 30, 2017 http:\/\/www.calflora.org<\/a><\/p>\n

California Department of Food and Agriculture.\u00a0 Pest and damage record database.\u00a0 Accessed March 30, 2018. https:\/\/pdr.cdfa.ca.gov\/PDR\/pdrmainmenu.aspx<\/p>\n

Garc\u00eda Morales, M., Denno, B.D., Miller, D.R., Miller, G.L., Ben-Dov, Y., and Hardy, N.B. 2016.\u00a0 ScaleNet: A literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics.\u00a0 Accessed March 28, 2018\u00a0 http:\/\/scalenet.info<\/a><\/p>\n

Gill, R.J.\u00a0 1995.\u00a0 Exclusion.\u00a0 California Plant Pest and Disease Report.\u00a0 14: 8-12.<\/p>\n

Jansen, M.\u00a0 2009.\u00a0 New and less observed scale insect species for the Dutch fauna (Hemiptera: Coccoidea).\u00a0 Entomologische Berichten.\u00a0 69: 162-168.<\/p>\n

Kawai, S.\u00a0 1980.\u00a0 Scale Insects of Japan in Colors.\u00a0 National Agricultural Education Association.\u00a0 Tokyo.\u00a0 455 pp.<\/p>\n

Portilla, A.A.R. and Cardona, F.J.S.\u00a0 2004.\u00a0 Coccoidea de Colombia, con \u00e9nfasis en las cochinillas harinosas (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).\u00a0 Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronom\u00eda Medell\u00edn.\u00a0 57: 2383-2412.<\/p>\n

Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network.\u00a0 Accessed March 30, 2018. http:\/\/scan1.acis.ufl.edu<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Author:<\/h5>\n

Kyle Beucke, 1220 N Street, Room 221, Sacramento, CA, 95814, 916-403-6741; plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 2800 Gateway Oaks, Sacramento CA 95833, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Period:* CLOSED<\/span><\/h5>\n

4\/30\/18 \u2013 6\/14\/18<\/p>\n

\n
*NOTE:<\/h5>\n

You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. \u00a0If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Posted by ls\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Trionymus sasae (Kanda): a mealybug Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Trionymus sasae is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: \u00a0Trionymus sasae is only known to occur in Japan and it is associated … Continue reading A Mealybug | Trionymus sasae (Kanda)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":325,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[669,18,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-rated","category-hemiptera","category-entomology"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-1nM","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":7366,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=7366","url_meta":{"origin":5318,"position":0},"title":"Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell): striped mealybug Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"July 17, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell): striped mealybug Pest Rating: A download pest rating *NOTE: You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. 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