{"id":4411,"date":"2018-01-16T15:24:04","date_gmt":"2018-01-16T23:24:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4411"},"modified":"2018-03-07T16:04:24","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T00:04:24","slug":"a-bark-beetle-pycnarthrum-hispidum-ferrari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4411","title":{"rendered":"A Bark Beetle | Pycnarthrum hispidum (Ferrari)"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/h5>\n
A Bark Beetle | Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>(Ferrari)<\/h5>\n
Coleoptera<\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: C<\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

PEST RATING PROFILE<\/h3>\n

Initiating Event:<\/h5>\n

Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/h5>\n

Background:<\/u><\/strong> \u00a0Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> is a neotropical bark beetle that occurs at low elevations below 1300 meters above sea level.\u00a0 The feeding behavior is apparently restricted to the phloem of cut, injured, or fallen limbs and trunks of fig trees (Ficus<\/em> spp.).\u00a0 No reports were found suggesting that it attacks living, healthy trees.\u00a0 The species has been associated with the following Ficus<\/em> species: F. lyrata<\/em>, F. elastica<\/em>, and F. retusa<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> occurs in the United States (south Texas and south Florida), Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, Venezuela, and Guyana.<\/p>\n

Official Control:<\/u><\/strong> Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>does not appear to be under official control anywhere.<\/p>\n

California Distribution: <\/u><\/strong>\u00a0Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>is not known to occur in California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions:<\/u><\/strong> Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>was intercepted on Artemisia<\/em> sp., Ficus<\/em> sp., and Ceratonia silique<\/em> from Florida (PDR # 010P06660363, 010P06660369, 010P06660366, and 010P06660375).<\/p>\n

The risk Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:<\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> occurs in tropical\/subtropical areas. There is a possibility that it could become established in a limited portion of California. \u00a0Ficus<\/em> species are grown as ornamental trees in California and could serve as host plants.\u00a0 Therefore, Pycnarthrum<\/em> hispidum<\/em> receives a Medium (2)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range: <\/strong>Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>is apparently restricted to the genus Ficus<\/em>. Therefore, it receives a Low (1)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) has a wide host range.<\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> is capable of sustained flight, and is attracted to light.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a Medium (2)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> The available information suggests that Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> does not impact living trees.\u00a0 The two most obvious concerns regarding the possible establishment of a species that feeds on Ficus<\/em> are ornamental trees and commercial fig fruit, but these concerns are not supported by evidence.\u00a0 In 2016, figs were grown in 32 Mexican states and the harvest was worth approximately 514 million pesos.\u00a0 Yet, there do not appear to be any reports of P. hispidum<\/em> as a pest of figs there, or anywhere else. \u00a0Ficus<\/em> species are also widely planted as ornamental trees, and again, no reports were found of P. hispidum<\/em> as a pest.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a Low (1)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score: 1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> is only known to feed on Ficus<\/em> species, and there are no species in this genus (or even the family Moraceae) native to California. Additionally, as explained above in Economic Impact, there does not appear to be significant potential for hispidum<\/em> to become an economic pest.\u00a0 Therefore, it receives a Low (1)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact:<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact. Score: 1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Medium (2) causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u2013 High (3) causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em>: Low (7)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

\u2013Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013Medium = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

\u2013High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

6)<\/strong> Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>is not known to be present in California.<\/em>\u00a0 It receives a Not Established (0)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

\u2013Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

\u2013Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

\u2013High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: Low (7)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty:<\/h5>\n

There appears to be little uncertainty regarding the possible impact of Pycnarthrum hispidum<\/em> in California.\u00a0 The species is widely distributed and common and not a single report was found of it attacking live trees.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification:<\/h5>\n

Pycnarthrum hispidum <\/em>is a common, Neotropical insect that apparently feeds on cut branches and trunks of Ficus<\/em> spp.\u00a0 No reports were found suggesting it is a pest in any situation.\u00a0 It does not appear to pose a threat to California\u2019s agriculture or environment.\u00a0 For these reasons, a \u201cC\u201d<\/strong> rating is justified.<\/p>\n

\n
References:<\/h5>\n

Atkinson, T.H. and A.E. Mart\u00ednez.\u00a0 1985.\u00a0 Notes on biology and distribution of Mexican and Central American Scolytidae (Coleoptera).\u00a0 I.\u00a0 Hylesininae, Scolytinae except Cryphalini and Corthylini.\u00a0 The Coleopterists Bulletin.\u00a0 39(3): 227-238.<\/p>\n

Atkinson, T.H., Mart\u00ednez-Fern\u00e1ndez, E., Saucedo-C\u00e9spedes, E., and A. Burgos-Solorio.\u00a0 1986.\u00a0 Scolytidae y Platypodidae (Coleoptera) asociados a selva baja y comunidades derivadas en el estado de Morelos.\u00a0 Folia Entomol\u1f79gica Mexicana.\u00a0 69: 41-82.<\/p>\n

Mart\u00ednez, A.E. and T.H. Atkinson.\u00a0 1986. \u00a0Annotated checklist of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) associated with a tropical deciduous forest at Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico.\u00a0 Florida Entomologist.\u00a0 69(4): 619-635.<\/p>\n

Servicio de Informaci\u1f79n Agroalimentaria y Pesquera.\u00a0 Anuario Estad\u00edstico de la Producci\u1f79n Agr\u00edcola.\u00a0 http:\/\/nube.siap.gob.mx\/cierre_agricola\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network (SCAN).\u00a0 http:\/\/symbiota4.acis.ufl.edu<\/a><\/p>\n

Valencia, A.E. and T.H. Atkinson.\u00a0 1988.\u00a0 Scolytidae y Platypodidae (Coleoptera) de esc\u00e1rcega, Campeche, M\u00e9xico.\u00a0 Biogeografia, biolog\u00eda, importancia econ\u1f79mica y una lista comentada de especies.\u00a0 Anales del Instituto de Biolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u1f79noma de M\u00e9xico.\u00a0 58: 199-220.<\/p>\n

Wood, S.L.\u00a0 1982.\u00a0 The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph.\u00a0 Brigham Young University.\u00a0 1359 pp.<\/p>\n

Wood, S.L.\u00a0 2007.\u00a0 Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America.\u00a0 Brigham Young University.\u00a0 900 pp.<\/p>\n

\n
Author:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Kyle Beucke, 1220 N Street, Room 221, Sacramento, CA, 95814, 916-403-6741, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov<\/p>\n

Responsible Party:<\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 2800 Gateway Oaks Drive, Sacramento CA 95833, (916) 654-1211;\u00a0\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Period:* CLOSED<\/span><\/h5>\n

1\/16\/2018 – 3\/2\/2018<\/p>\n

\n
*NOTE:<\/span><\/h5>\n

You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. \u00a0If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: C<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for A Bark Beetle | Pycnarthrum hispidum (Ferrari) Coleoptera Pest Rating: C   PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Pycnarthrum hispidum is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: \u00a0Pycnarthrum hispidum is a neotropical bark beetle that occurs at low elevations … Continue reading A Bark Beetle | Pycnarthrum hispidum (Ferrari)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":325,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[15,5],"tags":[630,184,52,636],"class_list":["post-4411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-coleoptera","category-entomology","tag-bark-beetle","tag-coleoptera","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-pycnarthrum-hispidum"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-199","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":4413,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4413","url_meta":{"origin":4411,"position":0},"title":"Banded Elm Bark Beetle | Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"January 16, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating\u00a0 for Banded Elm Bark Beetle | Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov Coleoptera Pest Rating: C \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Scolytus schevyrewi is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. 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History & Status: Background: Polygraphus poligraphus has been reported to feed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Coleoptera"","block_context":{"text":"Coleoptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=15"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4403,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4403","url_meta":{"origin":4411,"position":2},"title":"Black Pine Bark Beetle | Hylastes ater (Paykull)","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"January 17, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Black Pine Bark Beetle | Hylastes ater (Paykull) Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Hylastes ater is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: Hylastes ater is fairly large (3.5-4.4 mm\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Coleoptera"","block_context":{"text":"Coleoptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=15"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5547,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5547","url_meta":{"origin":4411,"position":3},"title":"Ambrosia Beetle | Euwallacea similis (Ferrari)","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"June 28, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Ambrosia Beetle | Euwallacea similis (Ferrari) Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Euwallacea similis is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. 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