{"id":4062,"date":"2017-09-12T14:28:56","date_gmt":"2017-09-12T21:28:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4062"},"modified":"2022-04-29T15:45:19","modified_gmt":"2022-04-29T22:45:19","slug":"smallflower-hawksbeard-crepis-pulchra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4062","title":{"rendered":"Smallflower Hawksbeard | Crepis pulchra"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Crepis pulchra: <\/em><\/strong>Smallflower hawksbeard<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Family: \u00a0Asteraceae\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: C |\u00a0<\/strong>Proposed Seed Rating: R<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Crepis pulchra <\/em>had no previous pest rating; it has been reported in Napa, Solano and Contra Costa counties.\u00a0A pest rating proposal is required to determine a permanent rating for this pest.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u>:<\/strong> Crepis pulchra<\/em>\u00a0is a flowering plant in the\u00a0daisy family\u00a0with the common name\u00a0smallflower hawksbeard.<\/strong>\u00a0Crepis pulchra<\/em> is widespread in Europe, Central Asia and parts of Africa. It has become naturalized in the parts of United States and Canada1<\/sup>. It is annual herb up to 40 inches tall with erect, glandular stem. One plant can produce up to 40\u00a0flower heads and each flower can produce 30 yellow\u00a0ray florets. The leaves are alternate, toothed and the basal leaves are\u00a0pinnately\u00a0lobed. Flowering occurs from April to August. It can grow up to 3000 m elevation in dry open habitats, rolling grasslands, pastures, abandoned fields, waste areas, railroads and roadsides1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/em><\/strong> Crepis pulchra<\/em>\u00a0is widespread across much of\u00a0Europe, Morocco,\u00a0Algeria, western and central\u00a0Asia. It has been \u00a0reported in Ontario Canada\u00a0 and TX, OK, MO, AR, LA, MS, AL, FL, GA, SC, NC,VA, DE, WV, OH, IL, KY, TN & OR in the United States3,1<\/sup>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Official Control:<\/u><\/strong> Crepis pulchra <\/em>is not declared or considered noxious by any\u00a0state government authorities7<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

California Distribution:<\/u> \u00a0<\/strong>Crepis pulchra <\/em>currently is known in limited areas of Solano, Napa & Contra Costa counties2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions:<\/u> <\/strong>There were 8 vouchers submitted from Solano, Napa & Contra Costa counties between 1999 and 20112<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

The risk Crepis pulchra <\/em>(Smallflower hawksbeard) would pose to California is\u00a0evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/strong>: The plant has adapted to a wide area in the eastern states and Oregon. California has similar ecologically conditions as its native range, so it may be established on a larger but limited part of California. Therefore Crepis pulchra <\/em>receives a Medium (2)<\/span><\/strong> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range:<\/strong> Most plants do not require any one host, but grow wherever ecological conditions are favorable. It receives a High (3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest.<\/p>\n

– Low (1) has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/strong>: Crepis pulchra<\/em> reproduces only by seed; each plant can produce 40 seeded fruits5<\/sup>. These fruits are dispersed short distances by foraging animals, human activity or by wind. They may be dispersed longer distances by vehicles, on larger animals and in contaminated agricultural produce. It receives a Medium (2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category<\/p>\n

Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> Crepis pulchra <\/em>is a weed in some agricultural situations and it may reduce crop yield where it establishes. It\u00a0receives a Low <\/strong>(1)\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact: A<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/span><\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score: 1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> Crepis pulchra <\/em>has not yet spread widely in California. If it does spread, it might trigger new chemical treatments by ranchers and land managers. It receives a\u00a0Medium (2)<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact: \u00a0D<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact: Score: 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Crepis pulchra\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>(Smallflower hawksbeard)<\/em><\/strong>: Medium (10)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/span><\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Crepis pulchra <\/em>has been reported in Napa, Solano & Contra Costa counties and seems likely to be restricted to this area at this time. It receives a Low (-1)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included:<\/p>\n

Score: -1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/p>\n

-Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/span><\/p>\n

-Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

-High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: Medium (9) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: \u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Crepis pulchra <\/em>has been present in California about 30 year ago and it is localized in a limited area. Due to its relatively noninvasive nature, there are limited chances that it will spread widely in California.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Conclusions of the harm(s) associated with this pest to California using all of the evidence presented above: Proposed Rating: based on the score listed above the pest is a medium risk. A\u00a0\u201cC\u201d <\/strong>rating\u00a0is recommended, because of lake of evidence of its invasiveness.<\/p>\n

References: <\/strong><\/h5>\n
    \n
  1. Flora of North America online. \u00a0Accessed March 9, 2017 http:\/\/www.efloras.org\/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242416376
    \n<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Jepson Herbarium. Online UC Berkeley.\u00a0 Accessed March 9, 2017 \u00a0http:\/\/ucjeps.berkeley.edu\/cgi-bin\/get_consort.pl?taxon_name=Crepis%20pulchra
    \n<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Plant profiles\u00a0 USDA \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Accessed March 9, 2017 https:\/\/plants.usda.gov\/core\/profile?symbol=CRPU3
    \n<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Pest and Damage Record Database, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services. http:\/\/phpps.cdfa.ca.gov\/user\/frmLogon2.asp
    \n<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Wildflower of the southeastern US. \u00a0\u00a0Accessed March 9, 2017 \u00a0http:\/\/2bnthewild.com\/plants\/H270.htm
    \n<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. S. National Plant Germplasm System<\/a> Accessed March 9, 2017 https:\/\/npgsweb.ars-grin.gov\/gringlobal\/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=310895
    \n<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT) Phytosanitary Export Database (PExD). Accessed January 03, 2017 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/pcit\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n
    Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

    Javaid Iqbal, California Department of Food and Agriculture; 1220 N Street,\u00a0Sacramento, CA 95814; Tel. (916) 403-6695; plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

    \n
    *NOTE<\/span>:<\/h5>\n

    You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. \u00a0If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at\u00a0plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

    \n
    Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

    \u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

    Example Comment:
    \n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

    \u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

    \u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

    Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

    Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

    Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

    Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

    \u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

    \u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Pest Rating: C |\u00a0<\/strong>Proposed Seed Rating: R<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n

    Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    California Pest Rating for Crepis pulchra: Smallflower hawksbeard Family: \u00a0Asteraceae\u00a0 Pest Rating: C |\u00a0Proposed Seed Rating: R PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Crepis pulchra had no previous pest rating; it has been reported in Napa, Solano and Contra Costa counties.\u00a0A pest rating proposal is required to determine a permanent rating for this pest. History & … Continue reading Smallflower Hawksbeard | Crepis pulchra<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":129,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[7],"tags":[590,589,85],"class_list":["post-4062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-plants","tag-crepis-pulchra","tag-smallflower-hawksbeard","tag-weeds"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-13w","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1170,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1170","url_meta":{"origin":4062,"position":0},"title":"Puccinia crepidis-japonicae (Lindr.) 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(Japanese hawkweed)Synonym: Crepis japonica (L.) Benth.Family: AsteraceaePest Rating: B | Proposed Seed Rating: R Download pest rating profile Author: Karen Olmstead, Environmental Scientist; California Department of Food and Agriculture; 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA 95814; Tel. (916) 403-6879; plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov Responsible Party:\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "B-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"B-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=670"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1958,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1958","url_meta":{"origin":4062,"position":2},"title":"Weeds","author":"Admin","date":"May 13, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0 Weeds are simply an unwanted plant in the wrong place, at the right time.\u00a0 The weeds can directly and indirectly impact agricultural crops and are just as costly to the environment as any other unwanted species. 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Posted by\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "B-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"B-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=670"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7233,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=7233","url_meta":{"origin":4062,"position":5},"title":"Limonium duriusculum (Girard) Fourr.: European sea lavender","author":"Admin","date":"May 26, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Limonium duriusculum (Girard) Fourr.: European sea lavendar Family: Plumbaginaceae Pest Rating: B download pest rating Profile *NOTE: You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. 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