{"id":3738,"date":"2017-06-14T12:45:42","date_gmt":"2017-06-14T19:45:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3738"},"modified":"2022-05-16T11:32:38","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T18:32:38","slug":"pandemis-cerasana-hubner-barred-fruit-tree-tortrix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3738","title":{"rendered":"Pandemis cerasana H\u00fcbner | Barred Fruit-tree tortrix"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pandemis cerasana <\/em><\/strong>H\u00fcbner: \u00a0Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Lepidoptera:\u00a0 Tortricidae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: \u00a0A<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

In July 2014 USDA\u2019s New Pest Advisory Group distributed a report that proposed to change the status of Pandemis cerasana<\/em>, barred fruit-tree tortrix, to non-actionable for the continental United States.\u00a0 A pest rating proposal is needed to determine future direction.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is a polyphagous leaf-rolling moth that feeds on shoots, leaves, flower buds, flowers, and fruits of a wide variety of hosts in 20 plant families.\u00a0 Economically important hosts in California include apple, cherry, plum, peach, pear, blueberry, raspberry, and rose.\u00a0 In these crops, feeding on flowers and fruit may result in crop losses and blemished fruit.\u00a0 The most likely pathway for spread of Pandemis cerasana<\/em> into California is as eggs, larvae, or pupae on nursery stock.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> \u00a0Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is native to Europe and Asia.\u00a0 It was detected in British Columbia in 19653<\/sup>.\u00a0 The moth was found in Washington in 1994 and has spread through the nine western counties.\u00a0 It was first detected in Portland, Oregon in 2013.\u00a0 It appears that the moth is established in Washington and is spreading naturally through the Pacific Northwest.<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u>:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is listed as a harmful organism by Chile, Costa Rica, and South Africa2<\/sup> and is considered a quarantine pest by Australia4<\/sup>.\u00a0 It will also remain actionable in Hawaii under the NPAG report recommendations.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Pandemis cerasana\u00a0<\/em>has never been detected in California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u>:\u00a0<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> has never been intercepted in California or by USDA on imported fruit from Canada.<\/p>\n

The risk Pandemis cerasana<\/em> (Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix) would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is a polyphagous moth that feeds on a wide variety of plants that grow in California and is expected to establish in USDA plant hardiness zones 5-9.\u00a0 It is expected to be capable of establishing a widespread distribution and receives a High(3)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California.\u00a0 Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is a polyphagous moth that feeds on a wide variety of plants in 20 families.\u00a0 It receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana\u00a0<\/em>has moderate reproductive potential.\u00a0 The moth has one or two generations per year3<\/sup> and each female typically lays 40-90 eggs.\u00a0 The moths can fly and may be dispersed long distances by the movement of undetected eggs, larvae, or pupae on plants or plant material.\u00a0 Pandemis cerasana<\/em> receives a Medium(2)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> has been reported as a minor pest defoliator of apple and pear trees in western Washington; it has not yet spread to the major fruit production areas of that state.\u00a0 In Europe, management measures for the moth include chemical control, monitoring and control programs, and a regional forecasting model.\u00a0 In Italy, up to 10-15% of fruit has been reported damaged.\u00a0 Furthermore, there may be trade disruptions with Australia and Hawaii, where it is considered a quarantine pest.\u00a0\u00a0 Pandemis cerasana<\/em> receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

Economic Impact: A, B, C<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/span><\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/span><\/p>\n

C<\/strong>. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/span><\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is not expected to lower biodiversity, disrupt natural communities, or change ecosystem processes.\u00a0 The moth is likely to feed on endangered species that it encounters, such as Nevin\u2019s barberry (Berberis nevinii<\/em>), island barberry (Berberis pinnata<\/em> insularis<\/em>), and small-leaved rose (Rosa minutifolia<\/em>).\u00a0 The moth is not likely to disrupt critical habitats.\u00a0 Pandemis cerasana\u00a0<\/em>may trigger new treatments in orchards and in the nursery industry.\u00a0 The moth is not expected to significantly impact cultural practices, home\/urban gardening, or ornamental plantings.\u00a0 Pandemis cerasana<\/em> receives a High(3)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact: \u00a0B, D<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Pandemis cerasana<\/em> (Barred Fruit-Tree Tortrix):\u00a0 High(14)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Pandemis cerasana<\/em> has not been detected in California and receives a Not established(0)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included.<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

–Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

–Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

–High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

The final score is the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: High(14) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

There are existing integrated pest management programs in orchards in California.\u00a0 It is possible that these programs will also manage Pandemis cerasana<\/em>.\u00a0 There have not been any recent surveys for this moth in California.\u00a0 It may already be established in some places.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Pandemis cerasana<\/em> is established in western Washington and has recently spread to Oregon.\u00a0 It is likely to spread to California at some point in the future, either naturally or through movement of plant material.\u00a0 When it enters the State, the moth may have significant economic and environmental impacts.\u00a0 An \u201cA\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

References: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

1<\/sup>Millar, Leah 2014.\u00a0 New Pest Advisory Group (NPAG) report on Pandemis cerasana<\/em> H\u00fcbner:\u00a0 Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).\u00a0 Plant Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Laboratory.\u00a0 Center for Plant Health Science & Technology.<\/p>\n

2 <\/sup>USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT) Phytosanitary Export Database (PExD).\u00a0 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/pcit\/<\/a><\/p>\n

3<\/sup> Gilligan, T. M., and M. E. Epstein. 2012. Tortricids of Agricultural Importance (TortAI). Colorado State University and California Department of Food and Agriculture.\u00a0 http:\/\/idtools.org\/id\/leps\/tortai\/Pandemis_cerasana.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

4<\/sup> Plant Health Australia:\u00a0 Cherry brown tortrix.\u00a0 High priority pest of cherries.\u00a0http:\/\/www.planthealthaustralia.com.au\/pests\/cherry-brown-tortrix\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA, 95814, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: \u00a0A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Pandemis cerasana H\u00fcbner: \u00a0Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix Lepidoptera:\u00a0 Tortricidae Pest Rating: \u00a0A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: In July 2014 USDA\u2019s New Pest Advisory Group distributed a report that proposed to change the status of Pandemis cerasana, barred fruit-tree tortrix, to non-actionable for the continental United States.\u00a0 A pest rating proposal is … Continue reading Pandemis cerasana H\u00fcbner | Barred Fruit-tree tortrix<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[5,23],"tags":[563,52,287,562,564],"class_list":["post-3738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-entomology","category-lepidoptera","tag-barred-fruit-tree-tortrix","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-lepidoptera","tag-pandemis-cerasana","tag-tortricidae"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-Yi","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3006,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3006","url_meta":{"origin":3738,"position":0},"title":"Cacoecimorpha 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2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Enarmonia formosana (Scopoli):\u00a0 Cherry Bark Tortrix Lepidoptera:\u00a0 Tortricidae Pest Rating: \u00a0A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Enarmonia formosana (cherry bark tortrix) is established in the Pacific Northwest, where it is a significant pest of cherry and other Prunus species.\u00a0 CDFA\u2019s stone fruit commodity-based survey includes trapping\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Insects, Mites & Earthworms"","block_context":{"text":"Insects, Mites & Earthworms","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=5"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4147,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4147","url_meta":{"origin":3738,"position":2},"title":"Grey Tortrix | Cnephasia stephensiana Doubleday","author":"Jason Leathers","date":"September 18, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Cnephasia stephensiana Doubleday: Grey Tortrix Lepidoptera: Tortricidae Pest Rating: \u00a0A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: In August 2015, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) distributed a New Pest Advisory Group (NPAG) report that proposed to establish a non-reportable\/non-actionable policy for Cnephasia stephensiana1.\u00a0 An updated version\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Insects, Mites & Earthworms"","block_context":{"text":"Insects, Mites & Earthworms","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=5"},"img":{"alt_text":"an insect on leaf","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/250px-Cnephasia.stephensiana.-.lindsey.-wikimediajpg.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1954,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1954","url_meta":{"origin":3738,"position":3},"title":"Insects, Mites & Earthworms","author":"Admin","date":"May 13, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Insects and mites are related in that their skeletons are on the outside (Phyllum: Arthropoda), but differ in that adult insects have six legs and adult mites have eight.\u00a0 Both groups can be beneficial, neutral or destructive to their environment.\u00a0 Like nematodes, they can cause yearly losses in the billions\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ratings"","block_context":{"text":"Ratings","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=333"},"img":{"alt_text":"Insects and Mites Banner","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/insects-and-mites-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, 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