{"id":3020,"date":"2016-12-21T14:50:28","date_gmt":"2016-12-21T22:50:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3020"},"modified":"2022-05-16T10:27:22","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T17:27:22","slug":"opogona-sacchari-bojer-banana-moth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3020","title":{"rendered":"Opogona sacchari (Bojer): Banana moth"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Opogona sacchari <\/em><\/strong>(Bojer): \u00a0Banana moth<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Lepidoptera:\u00a0 Tineidae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: \u00a0C<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

February 26, 2014, USDA distributed a Deregulation Evaluation of Established Pests (DEEP) report proposing to change the status of Opogona sacchari<\/em>, banana moth, from actionable to non-actionable for the United States.\u00a0 The moth would remain actionable for the U.S. territories of the Pacific and Caribbean.\u00a0 The insect is currently unrated by CDFA, so a pest rating proposal is needed to determine future direction.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Opogona sacchari<\/em> is a polyphagous moth that feeds primarily on bananas, pineapples, bamboo, maize, and sorghum2<\/sup>.\u00a0 It has also been found on a wide variety of ornamentals, especially Dracaena<\/em> and Yucca<\/em>2<\/sup>.\u00a0 The moth larvae are borers in stems, leaves, and petioles; however, in banana it is the fruit that is affected.\u00a0 The moth is rarely intercepted in trade, perhaps due to its concealed feeding behavior.\u00a0 It has the potential to be transported inside a wide array of plant propagative material.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>: Opogona sacchari<\/em> is native to humid tropical and subtropical regions of Africa2<\/sup>.\u00a0 From there it has spread to China, Japan, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Brazil, Bermuda, Barbados, and Honduras.\u00a0 In the United States it has been found in Florida since 1963, Hawaii since 1990, and has been collected several times in California.<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u><\/strong>: Opogona sacchari<\/em> is considered a quarantine pest in Europe2 <\/sup>and Iran3<\/sup>.\u00a0 The DEEP report also proposes to keep the moth actionable in the U.S. territories of the Pacific and Caribbean.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Opogona sacchari<\/em> has been collected in Carmel and Manhattan Beach.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 There are records of 17 interceptions since 1987 in the PDR database.\u00a0 These include 14 records associated with nurseries (including at least one infestation in an outdoor situation) and 3 others on palm plants and pineapple fruit.<\/p>\n

The risk Opogona sacchari<\/em> (Banana moth) would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> The present distribution of Opogona sacchari<\/em> corresponds to USDA plant hardiness zones 8-12, corresponding to most of California. The moth is also reported to be a greenhouse pest and may establish in these environments.\u00a0 Opogona sacchari<\/em> receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California.\u00a0 Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range:<\/strong> Opogona sacchari<\/em> feeds on a variety of tropical plant hosts in 24 families and has also been reported to feed on mushrooms1<\/sup>.\u00a0 The moth receives a Medium(2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score: 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has a moderate host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> Opogona sacchari<\/em> has a moderate reproductive rate.\u00a0 Each female lays 50-200 eggs in crevasses in plant tissue and the life cycle lasts about 3 months2<\/sup>.\u00a0 The moth can disperse a short distance by flight, but may be transported long distances in the trade of infested plant material.\u00a0 Opogona sacchari<\/em> receives a Medium(2)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score: 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> Opogona sacchari<\/em> is present in California and has not been reported to lower crop yield, reduce crop value, trigger lost markets, alter cultural practices, vector organisms, injure animals, or interfere with the supply of water.\u00a0 The moth receives a Low(1)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score: 1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> Opogona sacchari<\/em> is present in California and is not known to lower biodiversity, disrupt natural communities, or change ecosystem processes.\u00a0 The moth is not known to directly affect threatened or endangered species or disrupt critical habitats.\u00a0 The moth is not known to have triggered treatment programs or impact cultural practices, home\/urban gardening, or ornamental plantings.\u00a0 Opogona sacchari<\/em> receives a Low(1)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score: 1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Opogona sacchari<\/em> (banana moth):\u00a0 Medium(9)<\/span>.<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/span><\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Opogona sacchari<\/em> has been collected in Carmel and Manhattan Beach.\u00a0 An outdoor population was also found in the parking lot of a nursery in Grover Beach.\u00a0 Opogona sacchari<\/em> receives a Medium(-2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included.<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/p>\n

–Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

–Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/span><\/p>\n

–High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: Low(7) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

It is possible that Opogona sacchari<\/em> will not be able to establish as widespread of a distribution in California as predicted due to the drier climate.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Opogona sacchari<\/em> is present in California and is not known to have any significant economic or environmental impacts.\u00a0 A C-rating is justified.<\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1<\/sup>Culliney, T.W. 2014.\u00a0 Deregulation Evaluation of Established Pests (DEEP); DEEP Report on Opogona sacchari<\/em> (Bojer): Banana moth.<\/p>\n

2<\/sup>European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO).\u00a0 Data sheet on Opogona sacchari.\u00a0 https:\/\/www.eppo.int\/QUARANTINE\/insects\/Opogona_sacchari\/OPOGSC_ds.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

3<\/sup>Cheraghian, Ahmad.\u00a0 2013.\u00a0 A guide for detection and diagnosis of quarantine pests:\u00a0 Banana moth Opogona sacchari Bojer.\u00a0 Lepidoptera:\u00a0 Tineidae.\u00a0 Islamic Republic of Iran Ministry of Jihad -e- Agriculture Plant Protection Organization.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.ppo.ir\/Uploads\/English\/Articles\/insect\/Banana-moth-Opogona-sacchari.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA, 95814, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: \u00a0C<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Opogona sacchari (Bojer): \u00a0Banana moth Lepidoptera:\u00a0 Tineidae Pest Rating: \u00a0C PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: February 26, 2014, USDA distributed a Deregulation Evaluation of Established Pests (DEEP) report proposing to change the status of Opogona sacchari, banana moth, from actionable to non-actionable for the United States.\u00a0 The moth would remain actionable … Continue reading Opogona sacchari (Bojer): Banana moth<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[5,23],"tags":[467,52,468,481],"class_list":["post-3020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-entomology","category-lepidoptera","tag-banana-moth","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-lepidoptera-tineidae","tag-opogona-sacchari"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-MI","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":6473,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=6473","url_meta":{"origin":3020,"position":0},"title":"Arcola malloi (Pastrana): Alligatorweed stem borer moth","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"September 27, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Arcola malloi (Pastrana): Alligatorweed stem borer moth Lepidoptera: PyralidaePest Rating: D download pest rating *NOTE: You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. 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