{"id":3004,"date":"2016-12-07T14:07:32","date_gmt":"2016-12-07T22:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3004"},"modified":"2022-05-16T10:26:09","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T17:26:09","slug":"aromia-bungii-redneck-longhorn-beetle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3004","title":{"rendered":"Aromia bungii (Redneck Longhorn Beetle)"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Aromia bungii<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 (Redneck Longhorn Beetle)<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Coleoptera:\u00a0 Cerambycidae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: \u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

The EPPO reporting service distributed a report by email on October 24, 2013.\u00a0 The report included records of Aromia bungii<\/em> (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) being found for the first time in Lombardia region, Italy and Aichi Prefecture, Japan.\u00a0 The beetle was previously intercepted in Washington State and is a fruit tree pest that feeds on a variety of trees that are specialty crops of major economic importance in California.\u00a0 Aromia bungii<\/em> is an invasive pest that is currently spreading in international trade and in need of a pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Aromia bungii<\/em> is a wood boring beetle that feeds on a variety of trees.\u00a0 Adult beetles lay eggs in bark crevasses of healthy to slightly stressed trees.\u00a0 The larvae bore galleries in the trunk and branches, leading to decreased fruit production and weakening of the trees1<\/sup>.\u00a0 In China the main host plants are species of Prunus<\/em> (Rosaceae), especially peach (Prunus persica<\/em>) and apricot (P. armeniaca<\/em>), and to a lesser extent plum (P. domestica<\/em>) and cherry (P. avium<\/em>)1<\/sup>.\u00a0 Other hosts include damson plum (P. domestica<\/em> spp. institia<\/em>), Japanese apricot (P. mume<\/em>), Korean cherry (P. japonica<\/em>), neem (Azadirachta indica<\/em> (Meliaceae)), weaver\u2019s bamboo (Bambusa textilis<\/em> (Poaceae)), persimmon (Diospyros virginiana<\/em> (Ebenaceae)), olive (Olea europea<\/em> (Oleaceae)), white poplar (Populus alba<\/em> (Salicaeae)), Chinese white poplar (P. tomentosa<\/em>), Chinese wingnut (Pterocarya stenoptera<\/em> (Juglandaceae)), pomegranate (Punica granatum<\/em> (Lythraceae)), and Schima superba<\/em> (Theaceae)1<\/sup>.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/sup>In 2008 A. bungii<\/em> was intercepted in a manufacturing plant in Seattle that imports products from China and Taiwan and in wooden pallets in a warehouse in the United Kingdom, demonstrating that it can move in international trade.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> Aromia bungii<\/em> is native to the temperate regions of China.\u00a0 It has spread throughout China, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, Vietnam, and Taiwan.\u00a0 Recently it has been found feeding on fruit trees in the environment of two European nations where it is under eradication:\u00a0 Germany (2011) and Italy (2012).\u00a0 In June 2013 the beetle was confirmed to be established in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u>:<\/strong> Aromia bungii<\/em> is under official control in Europe.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u>:\u00a0<\/strong> Aromia bungii<\/em> has never been found in the environment of California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Aromia bungii<\/em> has never been found in any regulatory situations in California.<\/p>\n

The risk Aromia bungii<\/em> would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction:<\/strong> Plant Hardiness zones where Aromia bungii<\/em> is known to be established range from approximately zones 4 through 11, indicating that the beetle is likely to find a favorable climate in California. Furthermore, host trees of the beetle are commonly grown commercially and as ornamentals in the state.\u00a0 The beetle receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California:<\/p>\n

Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range:<\/strong> Aromia bungii<\/em> is known to feed on 12 species of plants in nine plant families.\u00a0 The beetle receives a Medium(2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest:<\/p>\n

Score: 2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has a moderate host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential:<\/strong> The reproductive rate is not well known in China, but generations are said to take 2-3 years.\u00a0 Adult beetles are relatively strong fliers and eggs, larvae, and pupae can be spread long distances by humans when wood or plants are moved.\u00a0 Aromia bungii<\/em> receives a Medium(2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest:<\/p>\n

Score:\u00a02<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact:<\/strong> If Aromia bungii<\/em> were to establish in California it is expected to reduce crop yields, increase production costs, and possibly lead to quarantines. \u00a0It might also negatively change cultural practices.\u00a0 The beetle receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below:<\/p>\n

Economic Impact: A, B, C, D<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/span><\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/span><\/p>\n

C<\/strong>. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/span><\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

Economic Impact Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact:<\/strong> If Aromia bungii<\/em> were to establish in California it would be expected to trigger additional official and private treatment programs.\u00a0 It would also significantly impact home\/urban gardening and ornamental plantings as unmanaged host trees may be killed and many of the known host trees are common in the urban landscape.\u00a0\u00a0 The beetle receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below:<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact: D, E<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/span><\/p>\n

E<\/strong>. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/span><\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact:<\/p>\n

Environmental Impact Score: 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Aromia bungii<\/em>:\u00a0 High(13)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Add up the total score and include it here. (Score)<\/strong><\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information:<\/strong> Aromia bungii<\/em> has never been detected in California. It receives a Not established(0)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Score:\u00a00<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

–Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

–Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

–High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: High (13) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

The host range of Aromia bungii<\/em> may be much greater than is known.\u00a0 It may have a higher reproductive potential (i.e. shorter generation time) in California than is reported in northern China.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Aromia bungii<\/em> poses an economic threat to the stone fruit, persimmon, and pomegranate industries in California.\u00a0 It also poses a threat to the environment as host trees are common in the urban landscape.\u00a0 The arrival of the beetle is likely to trigger additional chemical treatments and\/or the death of trees.\u00a0 An \u201cA\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1<\/sup>EPPO Alert List. \u00a0http:\/\/www.eppo.int\/QUARANTINE\/Alert_List\/insects\/Aromia_bungii.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

2<\/sup>The Food & Environment Research Agency.\u00a0 Rapid Pest Risk Analysis for Aromia bungii<\/em>.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.fera.defra.gov.uk\/plants\/plantHealth\/pestsDiseases\/documents\/aromiaBungii.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA, 95814, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:
\n<\/strong>Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Aromia bungii\u00a0 (Redneck Longhorn Beetle) Coleoptera:\u00a0 Cerambycidae Pest Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 The EPPO reporting service distributed a report by email on October 24, 2013.\u00a0 The report included records of Aromia bungii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) being found for the first time in Lombardia region, Italy and Aichi Prefecture, … Continue reading Aromia bungii (Redneck Longhorn Beetle)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[15,5],"tags":[449,279,52,448],"class_list":["post-3004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-coleoptera","category-entomology","tag-aromia-bungii","tag-coleoptera-cerambycidae","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-redneck-longhorn-beetle"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-Ms","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5605,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5605","url_meta":{"origin":3004,"position":0},"title":"Longhorned Beetle | Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus)","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"July 23, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Longhorned Beetle | Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Plagionotus arcuatus is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. 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If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. posted by ta","rel":"","context":"In "B-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"B-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=670"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8685,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=8685","url_meta":{"origin":3004,"position":3},"title":"Trichoferus campestris (Faldermann): velvet longhorn beetle","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"July 19, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Trichoferus campestris (Faldermann): velvet longhorn beetlePest Rating: B download pest rating profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. 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Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5057,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5057","url_meta":{"origin":3004,"position":5},"title":"Longhorned Beetle | Acalolepta aesthetica","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"March 15, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Longhorned Beetle | Acalolepta aesthetica (Olliff) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Pest Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Acalolepta aesthetica is currently Q-rated.\u00a0 It was introduced to, and is now established on the island of Hawaii.\u00a0 A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Coleoptera"","block_context":{"text":"Coleoptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=15"},"img":{"alt_text":"a big longhorned beetle","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/360px-Acalolepta_aesthetica_15689568227-225x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3004"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3004\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10409,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3004\/revisions\/10409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}