{"id":2334,"date":"2016-07-27T14:50:28","date_gmt":"2016-07-27T21:50:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2334"},"modified":"2024-04-26T11:04:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T18:04:16","slug":"sclerophthora-rayssiae-var-zeae-payak-renfro-1967","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2334","title":{"rendered":"Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae Payak & Renfro 1967"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Sclerophthora rayssiae <\/em><\/strong>var. zeae <\/em>Payak & Renfro 1967<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: C<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> was recently proposed by the USDA to be removed as a select agent from the 2016 updated Select Agents Registration List and Select Agent Regulations.\u00a0 Currently, the pathogen is not rated in California.\u00a0 Therefore, the risk of introduction and establishment of this pathogen in California is assessed and a permanent rating is proposed herein.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u><\/strong>: <\/u>Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> is an oomycete pathogen that causes brown stripe downy mildew disease of maize.\u00a0 The disease was first observed in several maize-growing regions of India in 1962, and the pathogen was described by Payak and Renfro in 1967.\u00a0 Since its initial discovery, the disease has spread through India has also been reported from Mynmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Thailand (CABI, 2016; Putnam, 2007; EPPO, 2016).<\/p>\n

Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> has not been reported within the USA (CABI, 2016; USDA, 2013).\u00a0 In 2002, the USDA designated the pathogen a \u2018select agent\u2019 deemed to be very damaging to susceptible maize and sources of resistance, if any, had not been established for U. S. maize varieties (USDA, 2013).\u00a0 However, on January 14, 2016, after its fourth biannual review, the USDA proposed to remove S. rayssiae<\/em> from the updated Select Agents Registration List and Select Agent Regulations.\u00a0 Removal of select agents, by the USDA, was based on either the absence of viable samples present in the U.S., no climate conducive to growth, or the availability of adequate treatments for the agents (USDA, 2016).<\/p>\n

Hosts<\/strong>:<\/em> Zea mays<\/em> (maize), Z.<\/em> mays<\/em> var. indurata<\/em>; Digitaria sanguinalis <\/em>(large crabgrass), D. bicornis<\/em> (CABI, 2016; EPPO, 2016; Farr & Rossman, 2016; Putnam, 2007).<\/p>\n

Symptoms<\/strong>: <\/em>Characteristic symptoms of Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> infection are expressed only in leaves as vein-delimited narrow chlorotic or reddish to purple stripes, 3 to 7 mm wide, depending on maize genotype, extending parallel with the leaf veins. Other parts of the plant including leaf sheaths, husk leaves, ears or tassels do not exhibit symptoms even though all the leaves may be symptomatic.\u00a0 Early infections appear as vein-delimited chlorotic flecks which enlarge and coalesce to form stripes. At first the stripes are chlorotic or yellowish but later turn yellowish-tan to reddish-brown and necrotic.\u00a0 The disease initially appears on the lowermost leaves which have a high level of striping, and appear pale-brown and burnt.\u00a0 Severely affected leaves may be shed prematurely.\u00a0 In comparison, leaves around the ear shoot show a lesser amount of striping and the leaves above show the least.\u00a0 The veins are not affected, but in severe infections, leaves tear apart near the apices and become tattered.\u00a0 Greyish-white downy growth develops on the upper and lower surfaces of the stripes on leaves.\u00a0 The downy growth disappears as the stripes become necrotic.\u00a0 Sporangia disappear as the lesions become necrotic and oospores are produced only in necrotic tissue.\u00a0 Unlike other downy mildews of maize, brown stripe downy mildew does not result in malformation of floral and vegetative tissues (CABI, 2016; Putnam, 2007).<\/p>\n

Disease cycle<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 <\/em>The disease cycle involves both sexual and asexual reproduction.\u00a0 Oospores (sexual spores) germinate to produce sporangia (sac-like structures containing spores), which then release zoospores (motile spores) that penetrate leaf tissue.\u00a0 Moisture is critical for infection.\u00a0 A twelve-hour wetting period of a free film of moisture on a leaf surface is essential for infection to occur.\u00a0 Longer wetting periods increase the amount of infection (Singh et al.,<\/em> 1970). \u00a0\u00a0Once primary infection occurs, the disease becomes established and lesions are formed in leaves.\u00a0 Sporangia are produced and a cyclic chain of secondary infections occur that eventually result in the spread of the disease throughout an entire crop (CABI, 2016). High levels of moisture and warm temperatures are required for disease development and spread.\u00a0 Asexual reproduction, resulting in the production of sporangia is most abundant at 22 to 25\u00b0C.\u00a0 Sporangia production, germination, and infection require a film of water (Putnam, 2007; CABI, 2016). Oospores are produced in necrotic leaf tissue and form the survival stage of the pathogen in soil or in plant debris.<\/p>\n

Dispersal and spread<\/em>:\u00a0<\/strong> The pathogen survives as oospores in soil or plant debris.\u00a0 Oospores serve as primary inoculum for infections of plants, where the lower leaves show greater disease intensity than the upper leaves, and can survive in soil or plant debris for several years (CABI, 2016; Fry & Gr\u0171nwald, 2010).\u00a0 Experimentally, oospores were shown to be viable for up to 3 years when powdered infected leaf debris was placed around each seed at the time of sowing, resulting in heavy infection of the emerging seedlings (Singh et al<\/em>., 1970). Seed transmission may also occur, although the initiation of new infections is less likely through seed transmission than infected leaf debris (Putnam, 2007).\u00a0 The pathogen may be found on the seed surface and within the embryo (CABI, 2016; Putnam, 2007).\u00a0 The pathogen is dispersed short distances by wind and rain splash or physical contact with infected plants.\u00a0 Long distance transmission by wind is unlikely (Singh & Renfro, 1971).<\/p>\n

Damage Potential:<\/strong> <\/em>Brown stripe downy mildew of maize causes severe infections in areas of high rainfall.\u00a0 In India, 20 to 90% in crop losses are reported. \u00a0Losses above 70% occur in highly susceptible maize cultivars grown under disease-favorable conditions (CABI, 2016).\u00a0 In California, the required warm temperature and long wet periods (heavy rain durations) for disease development and spread are not present.\u00a0 Therefore, the potential for damage caused by the pathogen to California\u2019s maize production, can be considered to be minimal, if at all.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> Asia<\/em>: India, Mynmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand (CABI, 2016).<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u>:<\/strong> Presently, Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> is on the \u2018Harmful Organism Lists\u2019 of the following countries: Honduras, Namibia, New Zealand, Peru, and South Africa (USDA-PCIT, 2016).\u00a0 The USDA designated S. rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> a select agent in 2002, however, on January 14, 2016, the USDA proposed to remove S. rayssiae<\/em> from the updated Select Agent Registration List and Select Agents Regulations (see \u2018Background\u2019.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> is not present in California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u>:<\/strong> \u00a0There are no reports of the detection of Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> in plant and soil shipments imported to California.<\/p>\n

The risk Brown stripe downy mildew of maize would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2) may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

Risk is Low (1):<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Sclerophthora rayssiae var. <\/em>zeae is not likely to establish in California as the required warm temperature and long wet periods (12 hours or more) for disease development and spread are not present.<\/em><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3) has a wide host range.<\/p>\n

Risk is Low (1):<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>Maize and crabgrass are the only reported hosts of the pathogen.<\/em><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3):\u00a0<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>Under favorable wet conditions, <\/em>Sclerophthora rayssiae var. <\/em>zeae has high reproductive potential.\u00a0 The pathogen is dispersed primarily through infected soil, plant debris, and maize seeds.\u00a0 Short distance spread is<\/em> by wind and rain splash or physical contact with infected plants.\u00a0 Long distance transmission by wind is reported to be unlikely.<\/em><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2) causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

Risk is Low (1):\u00a0<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>In California, the<\/em> required warm temperature and long wet periods (heavy rain durations) for disease development and spread of the pathogen, are not present, thereby, making it most unlikely for the pathogen to establish and cause infections to the State\u2019s maize cultivation. However, within contained and artificially controlled conditions as in greenhouses, it is possible for pathogen infections to occur. \u00a0The economic impact is therefore, regarded low.<\/em><\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2) causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3) causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Risk is Low <\/em><\/strong>(1):\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong><\/span>No environmental impacts due to the pathogen are expected to occur in California.<\/em><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Brown stripe downy mildew of maize:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here. (Score)<\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/span><\/p>\n

-Medium = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

-High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

Total points obtained on evaluation of consequences of introduction to California = 7<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included. (Score)<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

-Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

-Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

-High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Evaluation is \u2018Not established\u2019 (0):<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: (Score)<\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Score of Consequences of Introduction \u2013 Score of Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information = 7<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

None.<\/em><\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Based on the evidence provided above the proposed rating for Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> is C<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

C<\/strong>ABI.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> (brown strip downy mildew of maize) full datasheet.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.cabi.org\/cpc\/datasheet\/49244<\/a><\/p>\n

E<\/strong>PPO.\u00a0 2016. \u00a0Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em> ().\u00a0 PQR database.\u00a0 Paris, France: European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.newpqr.eppo.int.<\/p>\n

F<\/strong>arr, D.F., and A. Y. Rossman. \u00a0Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. \u00a0Retrieved January 28, 2016, from http:\/\/nt.ars-grin.gov\/fungaldatabases\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n

F<\/strong>ry, W. E. and N. J. Gr\u0171nwald.\u00a0 2010.\u00a0 Introduction to Oomycetes.\u00a0 The Plant Health Instructor.\u00a0 DOI:10.1094\/PHI-I-2010-1207-01<\/p>\n

P<\/strong>ayak, M. M., and B. L. Renfro.\u00a0 1967.\u00a0 A new downy mildew disease of maize.\u00a0 Phytopathology, 57:394-397.<\/p>\n

P<\/strong>utnam, M. L.\u00a0 2007.\u00a0 Brown stripe downy mildew (Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em>) of maize.\u00a0 Plant Management Network International Plant Health Progress, published 8 November 2007. http:\/\/www.plantmanagementnetwork.org\/pub\/php\/diagnosticguide\/2007\/stripe\/<\/a><\/p>\n

S<\/strong>ingh, J. P., and B. L. Renfro.\u00a0 1971.\u00a0 Studies on spore dispersal in Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em>.\u00a0 Indian Phytopathology, 24:457-461.<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>ingh, J. P., B. L. Renfro, and M. M. Payak.\u00a0 1970.\u00a0 Studies on the epidemiology and control of brown stripe downy mildew of maize (Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae<\/em>).\u00a0 Indian Phytopathology, 23:194-208.<\/p>\n

U<\/strong>SDA.\u00a0 2013.\u00a0 Recovery plan for Philippine downy mildew and brown stripe downy mildew of corn caused by Peronosclerospora philippinensis<\/em> and Sclerophthora rayssiae<\/em> var. zeae, respectively.\u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/www.ars.usda.gov\/SP2UserFiles\/Place\/00000000\/opmp\/Corn%20Downy%20Mildews%20Recovery%20Plan%20Revised%202013.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

U<\/strong>SDA, 2016.\u00a0 Stakeholder announcement: USDA proposes updates to select agents registration list and select agent regulations.\u00a0 USDA APHIS. Published January 14, 2016.<\/p>\n

U<\/strong>SDA PCIT.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System.\u00a0 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/PExD\/faces\/ReportHarmOrgs.jsp<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

John J. Chitambar, Primary Plant Pathologist\/Nematologist, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832. Phone: 916-262-1110, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: C<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae Payak & Renfro 1967 Pest Rating: C PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae was recently proposed by the USDA to be removed as a select agent from the 2016 updated Select Agents Registration List and Select Agent Regulations.\u00a0 Currently, the pathogen is not rated … Continue reading Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae Payak & Renfro 1967<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1117,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8,4],"tags":[46,45,379],"class_list":["post-2334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fungi","category-plant-pathology","tag-fungi-2","tag-plant-pathogen","tag-sclerophthora-rayssiae-var-zeae"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-BE","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2337,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2337","url_meta":{"origin":2334,"position":0},"title":"Peronosclerospora philippinensis (W. Weston) C. G. Shaw, 1978","author":"Admin","date":"July 27, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Peronosclerospora philippinensis (W. Weston) C. G. Shaw, 1978 Pest Rating: C PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Peronosclerospora philippinensis was recently proposed by the USDA to be removed as a select agent from the 2016 updated Select Agents Registration List and Select Agent Regulations.\u00a0 Currently, the pathogen\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"peronosclerospora philippinensis | photo by Bob Kemerait, Univ of Georgia, Bugwood.org","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/peronosclerospora-philippinensis-BobKemerait-UnivGeorgia-Bugwood-WEB-5483126.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":12466,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=12466","url_meta":{"origin":2334,"position":1},"title":"Pratylenchus zeae Graham, 1951 Corn lesion nematode","author":"Heather.Martin","date":"January 4, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pratylenchus zeae Graham, 1951Corn lesion nematodePest Rating: C download pest rating *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "C-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"C-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=671"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2677,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2677","url_meta":{"origin":2334,"position":2},"title":"Cercospora coniogrammes Crous & R. G. Shivas 2012","author":"Admin","date":"October 3, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Cercospora coniogrammes Crous & R. G. Shivas 2012 Pest\u00a0Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On June 14, 2016, a shipment of silver lady fern (Blechnum gibbum) plants from Florida, destined to a nursery in Nippomo, San Luis Obispo County, was intercepted by San Luis County\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":377,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=377","url_meta":{"origin":2334,"position":3},"title":"Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. & Mont.) Arx 1957","author":"Admin","date":"March 16, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Plant Pest Rating for Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. & Mont.) Arx 1957 Pest\u00a0Rating:\u00a0B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: None. A permanent rating for Colletotrichum orbiculare is proposed herein. History & Status: Background: Colletotrichum orbiculare is a fungal pathogen causing anthracnose disease of cucurbit plants particularly watermelon, cantaloupe, and cucumber. The\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1279,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1279","url_meta":{"origin":2334,"position":4},"title":"Colletotrichum queenslandicum B. Weir & P. R. Johnst. 2012","author":"Admin","date":"November 13, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum queenslandicum B. Weir & P. R. Johnst. 2012 \u00a0Pest Rating: \u00a0B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 On October 29, 2015 California Dog Teams intercepted Persea americana (avocado) fruit at parcel distribution facilities in Los Angeles and Santa Clara Counties.\u00a0 The shipments had originated in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6246,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=6246","url_meta":{"origin":2334,"position":5},"title":"Septocyta ruborum (Lib.) Petrak. 1967","author":"Heather.Martin","date":"July 24, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Septocyta ruborum (Lib.) Petrak. 1967(syn. Rhabdospora ramealis (Roberge ex Desm.) Sacc.)Pest Rating: C download pest rating Responsible Party: Heather J. Scheck, CDFA Primary Plant Pathologist\/Nematologist. 204 West Oak Ave, Lompoc, CA93463. 805-736-8050. plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov. *NOTE: You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. 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