{"id":2207,"date":"2016-06-29T12:44:10","date_gmt":"2016-06-29T19:44:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2207"},"modified":"2024-04-26T11:13:14","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T18:13:14","slug":"calonectria-pteridis-crous-m-j-wingf-alfenas-1993","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2207","title":{"rendered":"Calonectria pteridis Crous, M. J. Wingf. & Alfenas, 1993"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Calonectria pteridis <\/em><\/strong>Crous, M. J. Wingf. & Alfenas, 1993<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: B<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

On April 19, 2016, diseased Ravenea rivularis<\/em> (majesty palm) plants exhibiting leaf spots were intercepted by San Luis Obispo County Agricultural officials. The shipment of plants had originated in Florida and was destined to a nursery in San Luis Obispo County.\u00a0 Symptomatic leaves were sent to the CDFA Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch for diagnosis.\u00a0 Suzanne Latham, CDFA plant pathologist, identified the associated pathogen as Calonectria pteridis<\/em>.\u00a0 Then on May 23, 2016, C. pteridis<\/em> was detected again in a different shipment of majesty palm plants destined to the same nursery in San Luis Obispo.\u00a0 In both detections, the pathogen was assigned a temporary Q rating by the CDFA and consequently, all infected plant materials were destroyed. The risk of infestation of C. pteridis <\/em>in California is evaluated and a permanent rating is proposed here.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 Calonectria pteridis<\/em> is the sexual (telemorph) stage of the fungal pathogen, while its asexual (anamorph) stage is Cylindrocladium pteridis<\/em>.\u00a0 Calonectria pteridis<\/em> causes leaf spot and blight, stalk and root rot diseases in various hosts.\u00a0 In the continental United States, Calonectria pteridis <\/em>primarily causes symptoms of leaf spots and blights in palm.\u00a0 Symptoms are indistinguishable from those caused by three other species in the genus (Yu & Elliot, 2013).\u00a0 In Brazil, C. pteridis <\/em>is one of the most common species associated with eucalyptus trees causing Calonectria<\/em> leaf blight disease (Alfenas et al.,<\/em> 2013). In China, C. pteridis<\/em> caused serious damage to Serenoa repens<\/em> \u2013 an important medicinal and ornamental garden plant (Yang, et al.,<\/em> 2014).\u00a0 In the USA, C. pteridis<\/em> has been found on several hosts including palm from Tennessee, Georgia, Florida, and Hawaii (Uchida, 2004; Farr & Rossman, 2016). Recently, the pathogen was detected in infested majesty palm plants shipped from Florida to California.\u00a0 The pathogen is widespread especially in subtropical and tropical regions.<\/p>\n

Disease cycle:<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0 <\/em>The disease cycle generally involves the pathogen\u2019s anamorphic or asexual stage resulting in the production of conidia (spores) and telemorphic or sexual stage resulting in perithecia (fruiting structure) and ascospores. Conidia, produced on infected plants are dispersed by insects, tools, gloves, plant handling, wind and splashing water, while ascospores are discharged from fruiting bodies by air currents and splashing water.\u00a0 Discharged spores land on plant host tissue and germinate and penetrate tissue when leaves are wet or under high relative humidity.\u00a0 The pathogen grows within the host and after about one week produces conidiophores and conidia.\u00a0 Perithecia and ascospores are formed on infected tissue (Uchida, 2004; Yu & Elliot, 2013).<\/p>\n

Hosts:<\/em> Calonectria pteridis<\/em> can attack a number of hosts including ornamentals, forest and environmental trees and shrubs, and few agricultural crops.\u00a0 In the USA, palms have been reported as the main host attacked by the pathogen.\u00a0 Hosts include: Arachis hypogaea<\/em> (peanut), Arachnoides adiantiformis<\/em> \u00a0(syn. Rumohra adiantiformis, Polystichum adiantiformis<\/em>; leatherleaf fern), Arecastrum romanzoffianum<\/em> (syn. Sygarus romanzoffiana<\/em>; queen palm); Asparagus plumosus<\/em> (asparagus fern), Callistemon citrinus<\/em> (crimson bottlebrush), C, rigidus<\/em> (erect bottlebrush), Chamaedorea elegans<\/em> (syn. Collinia elegans<\/em>; neanthe bella palm\/parlor palm), C. cataractarum<\/em> (cat palm), Chrysalidocarpus<\/em> sp. (syn. Dypsis<\/em> sp.; palm); Cissus rhombifolia<\/em> (grape ivy), Cocos nucifera<\/em> (coconut), Crassula<\/em> sp., C. argentea<\/em> (jade plant), Dictyosperma album<\/em> (princess palm), Dracaena marginata<\/em> (Marginate Dracaena), Drosera<\/em> sp. (sundews), Dryopteris<\/em> sp. (woodfern), Elaeis guineensis<\/em> (African oil palm), Eucalyptus<\/em> spp.,(eucalyptus), Guzmania wittmackii<\/em> (bromeliad\/Guzmanea), Heliconia bihai<\/em> (macawflower), Howeia belmoreana, H. forsteriana<\/em> (kentia palm\/curly palm), Laccospadix australasica<\/em> (Atherton palm), Leucadendron<\/em> sp., Livistona chinensis<\/em> (Chinese fan palm), Lupinus<\/em> sp., (lupine), Mauritia flexuosa<\/em> (moriche palm), Melaleuca leucadendra<\/em> (weeping paperback), M. quinquenervia<\/em> (broad-leaved paperback), Musa<\/em> sp. (banana), Nephrolepis<\/em> sp., Nephrolepis exaltata<\/em> (sword fern), Phoenix canariensis<\/em> (Canary Island date palm), Pinus<\/em> sp., P. caribaea <\/em>(Caribbean pine), P. caribbaea<\/em> var. hondurensis<\/em>, \u00a0P. oocarpa<\/em> (Mexican yellow pine), Pouteria dulcifica<\/em> (syn. Synsepalum dulcificum<\/em>; miracle fruit\/sweet berry), Ravenea rivularis<\/em> (majesty palm), Rhapis humilis<\/em> (slender lady palm), Rhododendron obtusum<\/em> (Hiryu azalea\/Kurume azalea), Serenoa repens<\/em> (saw palmetto), Scolopendrium<\/em> sp., Solanum tuberosum<\/em> (potato), Strelitzia reginae<\/em> (bird of paradise), Tillandsia wagneriana<\/em> (bromeliad), Washingtonia<\/em> sp., W. filifera<\/em> (California or desert fan palm), W. robusta<\/em> (Mexican fan palm) (Crous et al<\/em>., 1993; Crous & Wingfield, 1993; Farr & Rossman, 2016; Yu & Elliot, 2013).<\/p>\n

Symptoms:\u00a0 <\/em>Symptoms caused by Calonectria pteridis<\/em> in palm begin as flecks of small, water-soaked lesions that develop to irregular shades of gray, yellow, reddish brown, brown, or black.\u00a0 Newly formed lesions are circular or elliptical, 3-5 mm long, and on enlarging develop a tan or gray center surrounded by a brownish halo. The rachis and petiole may become infected with small flecks and eventually leaves and leaflets dry as the disease progresses and lesions coalesce.\u00a0 Leaf spots may appear on leaves of all ages, although mature leaves are most susceptible (Yu & Elliot, 2013).<\/p>\n

Spread<\/em>:\u00a0\u00a0 Conidia are readily spread by insects, pruning tools, plant handling, air currents, rain or splashing irrigation water, while ascospores can be released from their fruiting bodies and spread by air currents and splashing water (Uchida, 2004; Yu & Elliot, 2013).<\/p>\n

Damage Potential:<\/em> \u00a0Leaf spot and blight disease caused by Calonectria pteridis<\/em> can result in reduced plant growth, quality, and marketablility.\u00a0 Estimates of yield\/crop loss due to this pathogen have not been reported.\u00a0 However, under nursery controlled environments, production of palms, ferns, eucalyptus, and other ornamental host plants may be at heightened risk for pathogen infection and reduced plant production. Seedling and immature palms without trunks are likely to be most susceptible to this leaf spot disease (Yu & Elliot, 2013).\u00a0 Infection of outdoor growths of palm and eucalyptus trees require warm and humid to wet climate for disease development.\u00a0 In Brazil, C. pteridis<\/em> is one of the most important causal agents of Calonectria<\/em> leaf blight disease of Eucalyptus<\/em> spp. and has significantly reduced eucalyptus growth (Alfenas, et al.,<\/em> 2013). \u00a0In China, up to 100% incidence of leaf spot disease in Serenoa repens<\/em>, medicinal plant, often lead to plant death (Yang, et al<\/em>., 2014).<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> Asia: China, India, Malaysia, Singapore; Africa: Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Mauritius, South Africa; Europe: Spain, North America: USA (Florida, Hawaii), West Indies; South America: Brazil, Costa Rica, Martinique, Venezuela (Crous & Wingfield, 1993; Farr & Rossman, 2016).<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u>:<\/strong> None reported.\u00a0 Currently, Calonectria pteridis<\/em> is a quarantine, actionable pathogen with a Q rating in California.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> Calonectria pteridis<\/em> is not known to be established in California.\u00a0 Diseased plants detected in a San Luis Obispo nursery were destroyed (see \u201cInitiating Event).<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u>:\u00a0<\/strong> There have been two interceptions of Calonectria pteridis-<\/em> infested Ravenea rivularis<\/em> (majesty palm) plants that originated in Florida (see \u2018Initiating Event\u2019).<\/p>\n

The risk Calonectria pteridis<\/em> would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2):<\/span>\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>Calonectria pteridis requires humid, wet, rainy and warm climates to infect plants and develop.\u00a0 Therefore, the pathogen may only be able to establish in limited parts of California.<\/em><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3): <\/em><\/strong><\/span>Calonectria pteridis has a very wide host range and can attack a number of diverse hosts including ornamentals, forest and environmental trees and shrubs, and few agricultural crops.\u00a0 In the USA, palms have been reported as the main host attacked by the pathogen.<\/em><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3):<\/span>\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>The pathogen has high reproductive potential. \u00a0Conidia and ascospores are transmitted by wind, wind-driven rain and splashing irrigation water, cultivation tools, and plant handling.\u00a0 However conidial germination and plant infection require long, wet periods.<\/em><\/p>\n

4)\u00a0Economic Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1) causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2): <\/em><\/strong><\/span>Infections of <\/em>Calonectria pteridis could lower crop value and cause loss of markets.\u00a0 Under controlled wet and warm environments, nursery productions of palms and other ornamental host plants may be at particular risk for pathogen infection and reduced plant production.<\/em><\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3) causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2)<\/em><\/strong><\/span>:<\/span> \u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Under conducive climate for development, the pathogen could significantly impact cultural practices or home garden plantings.\u00a0 Its overall impact on California\u2019s environment is assessed as \u2018medium\u2019.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Calonectria pteridis<\/em>:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here. (Score)<\/p>\n

-Low = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/span><\/p>\n

-High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

Total points obtained on evaluation of consequences of introduction of Calonectria pteridis<\/em> to California = (12)<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span>:<\/strong> Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included. (Score)<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

-Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

-Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

-High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Evaluation is Not established (0):\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong><\/span>Interceptions of <\/em>Calonectria pteridis-infected nursery plants were destroyed and therefore, the pathogen is not considered established in California.<\/em><\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: (Score)<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Final Score: <\/em><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Score of Consequences of Introduction \u2013 Score of Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information = 12.<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: \u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Periodic surveys and\/or subsequent detection may confirm the presence\/absence of <\/em>C. pteridis in commercial and private production regions within California.\u00a0 Subsequent results may alter the herein proposed rating for the pathogen<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Based on the evidence provided above the proposed rating for Calonectria pteridis<\/em> is B.<\/strong><\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

A<\/strong>lfenas, R. F., O. L. Pereira, R. G. Frietas, C. S. Freitas, M. A. D. Dita, and A. C. Alfenas.\u00a0 2013.\u00a0 Mass spore production and inoculations of Calonectria pteridis<\/em> on Eucalyptus<\/em> spp. under different environmental conditions.\u00a0\u00a0 Tropical Plant Pathology, 38:406-413.<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>rous, P. W., M. J. Wingfield, and A. C. Alfenas.\u00a0 1993. Additions to Calonectria<\/em>.\u00a0 Mycotaxon 46:217-234.<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>rous, P. W., and M. J. Wingfield. 1993.\u00a0 Calonectria pteridis<\/em>.\u00a0 IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria. No. 116 pp. Sheet 1153.<\/p>\n

F<\/strong>arr, D.F., & A. Y. Rossman. \u00a0Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. \u00a0Retrieved January 28, 2016, from http:\/\/nt.ars-grin.gov\/fungaldatabases\/.<\/p>\n

U<\/strong>chida, J. Y.\u00a0 2004.\u00a0 Calonectria<\/em> leaf spot (Cylindrocladium<\/em> leaf spot).\u00a0 In<\/em> \u2018Compendium of Ornamental Palm Disease and Disorders\u2019 Eds. M. L. Elliott, T. K. Broschat, J. Y. Uchida, and G. W. Simone.\u00a0 The American Phytopathological Society, pgs. 12-14.<\/p>\n

U<\/strong>SDA PCIT.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System.\u00a0 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/PExD\/faces\/ReportHarmOrgs.jsp<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Y<\/strong>ang, W., L. Zheng, C. Wang, and C. -P. Xie.<\/strong>\u00a0 2014. \u00a0The first report of Calonectria pteridis<\/em><\/strong> causing a leaf spot disease on Serenoa repens<\/em><\/strong> in China. Plant Disease. 986: 854.<\/p>\n

Y<\/strong>u, J. and M. L. Elliott.\u00a0 2013.\u00a0 Calonectria<\/em> (Cylindrocladium<\/em>) leaf spot of palm.\u00a0 University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. \u00a0http:\/\/edis.ifas.ufl.edu\/PP302<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Responsible Party:<\/h5>\n

John J. Chitambar, Primary Plant Pathologist\/Nematologist, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832. Phone: (916) 262-1110, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: B<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posting by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Calonectria pteridis Crous, M. J. Wingf. & Alfenas, 1993 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On April 19, 2016, diseased Ravenea rivularis (majesty palm) plants exhibiting leaf spots were intercepted by San Luis Obispo County Agricultural officials. The shipment of plants had originated in Florida and was destined to … Continue reading Calonectria pteridis Crous, M. J. Wingf. & Alfenas, 1993<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1117,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[8,4],"tags":[354,46,45],"class_list":["post-2207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fungi","category-plant-pathology","tag-calonectria-pteridis","tag-fungi-2","tag-plant-pathogen"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-zB","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3091,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3091","url_meta":{"origin":2207,"position":0},"title":"Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Crous, J. Z. Groenew. & C. F. Hill) L. Lombard, M. J. Wingf. & Crous, 2010","author":"Admin","date":"December 16, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Crous, J. Z. Groenew. & C. F. Hill) L. Lombard, M. J. Wingf. & Crous, 2010 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On November 22, 2016, non-official samples of diseased boxwood plants collected by a landscaper from a private property in Hillsborough,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2677,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2677","url_meta":{"origin":2207,"position":1},"title":"Cercospora coniogrammes Crous & R. G. Shivas 2012","author":"Admin","date":"October 3, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Cercospora coniogrammes Crous & R. G. Shivas 2012 Pest\u00a0Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On June 14, 2016, a shipment of silver lady fern (Blechnum gibbum) plants from Florida, destined to a nursery in Nippomo, San Luis Obispo County, was intercepted by San Luis County\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1047,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1047","url_meta":{"origin":2207,"position":2},"title":"Colletotrichum petchii Damm, P. F. Cannon & Crous, 2012","author":"Admin","date":"June 1, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum petchii Damm, P. F. Cannon & Crous, 2012 Pest\u00a0Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In January 2015, the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum petchii, was detected in infected potted Dracaena deremensis (corn plant) in a nursery in Vista, San Diego County, California.\u00a0 The plants were\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3709,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3709","url_meta":{"origin":2207,"position":3},"title":"Septoria protearum Viljoen & Crous 1998","author":"Admin","date":"May 30, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Septoria protearum Viljoen & Crous 1998 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On March 29, 2017, lavender (Lavendula sp.) plants showing symptoms of leaf spots were detected in a nursery in San Luis Obispo County by County Agricultural officials.\u00a0 A sample of diseased leaves\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4307,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4307","url_meta":{"origin":2207,"position":4},"title":"Diaporthe pseudophoenicicola R. R. Gomes, C. Glienke & Crous 2013","author":"Admin","date":"December 29, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Diaporthe pseudophoenicicola R. R. Gomes, C. Glienke & Crous 2013 Pest Rating: C PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On June 15, 2017, a shipment of an unknown plant, exhibiting symptoms of leaf spotting and destined to a commercial florist in Los Angeles County, was intercepted by\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3160,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3160","url_meta":{"origin":2207,"position":5},"title":"Colletotrichum sansevieriae M. Nakamura & M. Ohzono 2006","author":"Admin","date":"January 9, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum sansevieriae \u00a0M. Nakamura & M. 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