{"id":2164,"date":"2016-06-22T17:10:28","date_gmt":"2016-06-23T00:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2164"},"modified":"2022-05-16T10:03:13","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T17:03:13","slug":"dysmicoccus-texensis-tinsley-a-mealybug","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2164","title":{"rendered":"Dysmicoccus texensis (Tinsley): A Mealybug"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em><\/strong> (Tinsley): A Mealybug<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest\u00a0Rating: A<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is regularly intercepted by CDFA and presently has a temporary rating of \u201cQ\u201d.\u00a0 A pest rating proposal is required to assign a permanent pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is a mealybug that is often found feeding on plant roots, where large populations prevent water and nutrient absorption, weaken plants, and reduce crop yields3<\/sup>.\u00a0 It is considered a pest of great pest importance on coffee in Brasil3 <\/sup>(Rubiaceae<\/strong>: Coffea <\/em>sp.1<\/sup>).\u00a0 It has also been observed feeding, sometimes on aerial plant parts, on other hosts including: Anacardiaceae<\/strong>: Mangifera indica<\/em>1<\/sup>; Araceae<\/strong>: Dieffenbachia <\/em>sp.1<\/sup>; Bromeliaceae<\/strong>: Vriesea macrostachya<\/em>1<\/sup>; Euphorbiaceae<\/strong>: Manihot esculenta<\/em>1<\/sup>; Fabaceae<\/strong>: Acacia cornigera<\/em>1<\/sup>, Acacia veracruzensis<\/em>1<\/sup>, Acacia sphaerocephala<\/em>1<\/sup>, Acacia farnesiana<\/em>1<\/sup>, Inga inga<\/em>1<\/sup>, Inga ruiziana<\/em>1<\/sup>, Inga punctata<\/em>1<\/sup>, Inga laurina<\/em>1<\/sup>, Trifolium <\/em>sp.1<\/sup>; Malvaceae<\/strong>: Theobroma cacao<\/em>1<\/sup>, Theobroma amplexicaule<\/em>1<\/sup>, Meliaceae<\/strong>: Guarea <\/em>sp.1<\/sup>; Musaceae<\/strong>: Musa textilis<\/em>1<\/sup>, Musa paradisiaca<\/em>1<\/sup>; Myrtaceae<\/strong>: Psidium guajava<\/em>1<\/sup>; Polygonaceae<\/strong>: Coccoloba <\/em>sp.1<\/sup>; Rutaceae<\/strong>: Citrus latifolia<\/em>1<\/sup>; Citrus aurantium<\/em>1<\/sup>; Solanaceae<\/strong>: Solanum <\/em>sp.1<\/sup>.\u00a0 Coffee root mealybug may be transported long distances through commerce in infested plants or plant parts.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is native to the Neotropical region including southern Texas, Mexico, Central America, and South America1<\/sup>.\u00a0 It is also found in the Bahamas, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad, and the U.S. Virgin Islands1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u>:<\/strong> Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is not known to be under official control in any other states or nations2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> has never been found in the environment in California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u>:\u00a0<\/strong> Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> was intercepted 44 times by CDFA\u2019s border stations, dog teams, and high risk programs between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2014.\u00a0 The mealybug was found on limes, grapefruit, bananas, bell peppers, sugar apple, and aerial parts of unidentified plants.<\/p>\n

The risk Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> (coffee root mealybug) would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span>:<\/strong> Host plants of Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> are commonly grown in California as both crops and ornamentals. Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is likely to establish wherever hosts are grown.\u00a0 It receives a High (3)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California.\u00a0 Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range<\/span>:<\/strong> Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is known to feed on at least 24 species of plants in 13 families.\u00a0 It receives a Medium (2)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has a moderate host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span>:<\/strong> Mealybugs have high reproductive rates and may be dispersed long distances by the movement of infested plants or fresh plant parts.\u00a0 They may also be dispersed locally by wind or by hitchhiking on clothing, equipment, or animals.\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> receives a High (3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Although known hosts of Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> include economically important crops such as Citrus<\/em> and Solanum<\/em>, it is primarily considered a pest of coffee.\u00a0 Yields of other crops are not likely to be significantly reduced.\u00a0 However, the mealybug may increase production costs in the nursery industry. \u00a0It has potential to lower the value of nursery stock by disfiguring plants with its presence.\u00a0 Although D. texensis<\/em> is not known to be considered a quarantine pest, several of California\u2019s trading partners are significant producers of coffee.\u00a0 Since the mealybug is well documented as a serious pest of coffee, it is reasonable to expect that its presence could trigger disruptions of fresh fruit exports.\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> receives a Medium (2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/span><\/p>\n

C<\/strong>. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/span><\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is not expected to lower biodiversity, disrupt natural communities, or change ecosystem processes.\u00a0 Trifolium<\/em> is a host of D. texensis<\/em> and several species of Trifolium<\/em> are listed as threatened or endangered plants in California.\u00a0 These potential hosts include showy Indian clover (Trifolium amoenum<\/em>), Pacific Grove clover (Trifolium polyodon<\/em>), and Monterey clover (Trifolium trichocalyx<\/em>).\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> is not expected to disrupt critical habitats.\u00a0 The mealybug may trigger new chemical treatments in orchards and the nursery industry.\u00a0 It is not expected to have significant impacts on cultural practices, home\/urban gardening, or ornamental plantings.\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis <\/em>receives a High (3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em>:\u00a0 High (13)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span>:<\/strong> Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> has never been found in the environment of California. It receives a Not established (0)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included.<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

–Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

–Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

–High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score<\/h5>\n

The final score is the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: High (13)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

There have not been any recent surveys for Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em>.\u00a0 It is possible that it could be present in some parts of the state.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Dysmicoccus texensis<\/em> has never been found in the environment California.\u00a0 Its entry to the state is likely to have significant economic and environmental impacts.\u00a0 An \u201cA\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1<\/sup> Miller, Dug, Yair Ben-Dov, Gary Gibson, and Nate Hardy.\u00a0 ScaleNet.\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis <\/em>is the valid name.\u00a0 http:\/\/scalenet.info\/validname\/Dysmicoccus\/texensis\/<\/a><\/p>\n

2 <\/sup>USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT) Phytosanitary Export Database (PExD).\u00a0 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/pcit\/<\/a><\/p>\n

3 <\/sup>Neves, Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro, Lenira Viana Costa Santa-Cec\u00edlia, Jair Campos de Moraes, Lu\u00eds Cl\u00e1udio Paterno Silveira, and Alcides Moino Junior. 2006. Coffee root mealybug biology control entomopathogenic nematodes. Universidade Federal de Lavras.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.openthesis.org\/documents\/Biologics-aspects-Dysmicoccus-texensis-Tinsley-331392.html<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA, 95814, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest\u00a0Rating: A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Dysmicoccus texensis (Tinsley): A Mealybug Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Pest\u00a0Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Dysmicoccus texensis is regularly intercepted by CDFA and presently has a temporary rating of \u201cQ\u201d.\u00a0 A pest rating proposal is required to assign a permanent pest rating. History & Status: Background:\u00a0 Dysmicoccus texensis is a mealybug that … Continue reading Dysmicoccus texensis (Tinsley): A Mealybug<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[18,5],"tags":[350,179,52,351],"class_list":["post-2164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hemiptera","category-entomology","tag-dysmicoccus-texensis","tag-hemiptera-pseudococcidae","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-mealy-bug"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-yU","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":9546,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=9546","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":0},"title":"Dysmicoccus mackenziei Beardsley: McKenzie mealybug","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"February 8, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Dysmicoccus mackenziei Beardsley: McKenzie mealybugPest Rating: A download pest rating Profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. 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History & Status: Background:\u00a0 Dysmicoccus grassii is a polyphagous mealybug that feeds on\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hemiptera"","block_context":{"text":"Hemiptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=18"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2979,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2979","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":2},"title":"Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Annona\/Gray Pineapple Mealybug)","author":"Raj Randhawa","date":"December 1, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Annona\/Gray Pineapple Mealybug) Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Pest Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Dysmicoccus neobrevipes has an internal CDFA rating of \u201cQ\u201d. A permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest rating. History & Status: Background: Dysmicoccus neobrevipes is a mealybug\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hemiptera"","block_context":{"text":"Hemiptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=18"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7366,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=7366","url_meta":{"origin":2164,"position":3},"title":"Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell): striped mealybug Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"July 17, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell): striped mealybug Pest Rating: A download pest rating *NOTE: You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. 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