{"id":2163,"date":"2016-06-22T16:43:54","date_gmt":"2016-06-22T23:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2163"},"modified":"2022-05-16T09:58:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T16:58:48","slug":"aleurodicus-dispersus-russell-spiraling-whitefly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2163","title":{"rendered":"Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Spiraling Whitefly)"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Aleurodicus dispersus <\/em><\/strong>Russell (Spiraling Whitefly)<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hemiptera:\u00a0 Aleyrodidae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: \u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

In October 2013, USDA released a DEEP report proposing to deregulate Aleurodicus dispersus<\/em> (spiraling whitefly).\u00a0 The insect is currently \u201cQ\u201d-rated by CDFA, so a pest rating proposal is needed to determine future direction.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Spiraling whitefly is highly polyphagous, feeding on plants in 49 different plant families.\u00a0 Known hosts include such economically important pests as avocado, citrus, eggplant, pepper, rose, Prunus<\/em> spp., and palms.\u00a0 Interceptions indicate that the whitefly often moves long distances in the trade of plants and flowers.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong> The native range of spiraling whitefly is believed to be the tropical Americas.\u00a0 It was described from Florida in 1965 from specimens collected as early as 1950.\u00a0 Since then it has been found to have a widespread distribution including Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and Mexico.\u00a0 Furthermore, it is reported in numerous nations in Central America, the Caribbean, South America, Europe and the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Oceania.<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u>:<\/strong> Arizona has a state quarantine against all citrus whiteflies.\u00a0 Aleurodicus dispersus<\/em> is also listed as a harmful organism by Antigua and Barbuda, Chile, China, French Polynesia, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Mexico, Morocco, and New Zealand2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Spiraling whitefly has not been found in the environment of California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u>:<\/strong>\u00a0 Spiraling whitefly is frequently intercepted on shipments of plants, leaves, and flowers from Hawaii and Florida.\u00a0 It has been intercepted more than 1300 times since 11\/29\/2000.<\/p>\n

The risk spiraling whitefly would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span>:<\/strong> Spiraling whitefly has been present in Florida for over 60 years but has not spread beyond the central portion of the state. Primarily a tropical species, it is reportedly limited by cold temperatures.\u00a0 In California the whitefly would likely be limited to southern and coastal areas.\u00a0 Spiraling whitefly receives a Medium (2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California.\u00a0 Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range<\/span>:<\/strong> Spiraling whitefly is a highly polyphagous insect that is known to feed on plants from 49 different plant families.\u00a0 The whitefly receives a High(3)<\/strong> <\/span>in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span>:<\/strong> Whiteflies reproduce rapidly and can be spread long distances by wind or through the movement of plants and flowers.\u00a0 Spiraling whitefly receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Spiraling whitefly was originally considered an economic pest in Hawaii when it was introduced.\u00a0 However, damage is now limited as a successful biological control agent was introduced.\u00a0 In the absence of this biological control agent in California, the whitefly may be expected to lower crop yield by both sucking juices from plants and reducing their photosynthetic capacity by contaminating leaf surfaces with sooty mold.\u00a0 They may also lower crop value by triggering treatment and\/or disfiguring nursery stock with their presence and with sooty mold.\u00a0 Furthermore, Arizona maintains a quarantine against all citrus whiteflies and many of California\u2019s trading partners list Aleurodicus dispersus<\/em> as a harmful organism.\u00a0 This could lead to disruptions in markets for California citrus.\u00a0 Spiraling whitefly receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/span><\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/span><\/p>\n

C<\/strong>. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/span><\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Rosa minutafolia<\/em> (small-leaved rose) is listed as an endangered species in California and is a potential host for spiraling whitefly.\u00a0 The whitefly may also trigger additional chemical treatments.\u00a0 The whitefly receives a High(3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/span><\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/span><\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Aleurodicus dispersus<\/em> (Spiraling Whitefly):<\/strong>\u00a0 High(14)<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span>:<\/strong> Spiraling whitefly has not been found in the environment of California. It receives a Not established(0)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

–Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

–Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

–High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score<\/h5>\n

The final score is the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: High(14) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Spiraling whitefly has been intercepted more than a thousand times in California.\u00a0 However, it has never been found in the environment.\u00a0 This may indicate that environmental conditions in the state are unfavorable for establishment of the species.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

In the absence of a successful biological control program in California, spiraling whitefly is expected to have significant economic and environmental impacts.\u00a0 An \u201cA\u201d-rating is justified.<\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1 <\/sup>Zlotina, Marina 2013.\u00a0 Deregulation Evaluation of Established Pests (DEEP); DEEP Report on Aleurodicus dispersus<\/em> Russell: Spiralling Whitefly<\/p>\n

2<\/sup> USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT) Phytosanitary Export Database (PExD).\u00a0 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/pcit\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA, 95814, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Spiraling Whitefly) Hemiptera:\u00a0 Aleyrodidae Pest Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 In October 2013, USDA released a DEEP report proposing to deregulate Aleurodicus dispersus (spiraling whitefly).\u00a0 The insect is currently \u201cQ\u201d-rated by CDFA, so a pest rating proposal is needed to determine future direction. History & … Continue reading Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Spiraling Whitefly)<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[18,5],"tags":[352,273,52,353],"class_list":["post-2163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hemiptera","category-entomology","tag-aleurodicus-dispersus","tag-hemiptera-aleyrodidae","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-spiraling-whitefly"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-yT","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5071,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5071","url_meta":{"origin":2163,"position":0},"title":"Whitefly | Aleurotrachelus anonae","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"March 15, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Whitefly | Aleurotrachelus anonae Corbett Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae Pest Rating: A \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Aleurotrachelus anonae was recently reported to be established on the island of Hawaii.\u00a0 It is currently Q-rated, and a permanent pest rating proposal is required to support an official pest\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hemiptera"","block_context":{"text":"Hemiptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=18"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":10935,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=10935","url_meta":{"origin":2163,"position":1},"title":"Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana): a whitefly","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"August 26, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Aleuroclava aucubae (Kuwana): a whiteflyPest Rating: C download pest rating profile *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. 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