{"id":2040,"date":"2016-06-21T14:45:48","date_gmt":"2016-06-21T21:45:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2040"},"modified":"2022-05-16T09:58:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-16T16:58:40","slug":"pseudaulacaspis-cockerelli-cooley-magnolia-white-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2040","title":{"rendered":"Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley): Magnolia White Scale"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"web-MagnoliaWhiteScale-byJeffreyLotz-FloridaDeptAg-Bugwood\"<\/a><\/p>\n

California Pest Rating for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em><\/strong> (Cooley): Magnolia White Scale<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hemiptera: Diaspididae<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest\u00a0<\/strong>Rating: \u00a0A<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\u00a0Initiating Event:<\/h5>\n

Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is frequently intercepted by CDFA and requires a pest rating proposal to support its pest rating.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is a highly polyphagous armored scale insect that is a pest of many ornamental plants in the nursery industry1<\/sup>.\u00a0 The scales live on the upper and lower leaf surfaces and green stems of plants2<\/sup>.\u00a0 Infestations can cause loss of vigor, spots on foliage, deformation of infested plant parts, loss of leaves, and may lead to death of plants2<\/sup>.\u00a0 Known hosts include: Actinidiaceae<\/strong>: Actinidia<\/em> spp.3,4<\/sup>; Adoxaceae<\/strong>: Viburnum<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>; Agavaceae<\/strong>: Yucca<\/em> sp.3<\/sup>; Amaryllidaceae<\/strong>: Agapanthus<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Eurycles<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>; Anacardiaceae<\/strong>: Anacardium<\/em> occidentale<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Campnosperma<\/em> brevipetiolata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Mangifera<\/em> indica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Mangifera<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>; Annonaceae<\/strong>: Annona<\/em> squamosa<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Artabotrys<\/em> hexapetutus<\/em>3<\/sup>, Canangium<\/em> odoratum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>; Apocynaceae<\/strong>: Adenium<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Allamanda<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Alyxia<\/em> olivaeformis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Calotropis gigantea<\/em>4<\/sup>; Nerium<\/em> indicum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Nerium<\/em> oleander<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Nerium<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Plumeria<\/em> acuminata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Plumeria<\/em> acutifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Plumeria<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Thevetia<\/em> peruviana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Trachelospermum<\/em> asiaticum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Trachelospermum<\/em> jasminoides<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Trachelospermum<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Willughbeia<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>; Aquifoliaceae<\/strong>: Ilex<\/em> cinerea<\/em>3<\/sup>, Ilex<\/em> crenata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Ilex<\/em> integra<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Ilex<\/em> latifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Ilex<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Ilex<\/em> viridis<\/em>3<\/sup>; Araceae<\/strong>: Acorus<\/em> gramineus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Alocasia<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>, Philodendron<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>; Araliaceae<\/strong>: Fatsia<\/em> japonica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Hedera<\/em> canariensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Hedera<\/em> helix<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Hedera<\/em> rhombea<\/em>3,4<\/sup>; Arecaceae<\/strong>: Archontophoenix<\/em> alexandrae<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Areca<\/em> catechu<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Areca<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Arecastrum<\/em> romanzoffianum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Arenga<\/em> engleri<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Butia<\/em> capitata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Caryota<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Chamaerops<\/em> humilis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Chrysalidocarpus<\/em> dictyospermi<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Chrysalidocarpus<\/em> lutescens<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Chrysalidocarpus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Clinostigma<\/em> savoryana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Clinostigma<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Cocos<\/em> nucifera<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Cocos<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Corypha<\/em> elata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Elaeis<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Howeia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Livistona<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Neodypsis<\/em> baroni<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Nipa<\/em> fruticans<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Phoenix<\/em> roebelenii<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Rhapis<\/em> humilis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Sabal<\/em> mexicana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Seaforthia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Serenoa<\/em> repens<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Trachycarpus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Asclepiadaceae<\/strong>: Calotropis<\/em> gigantean<\/em>3<\/sup>; Asparagaceae<\/strong>: Asparagus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Dracena<\/em> sp.4<\/sup>, Yucca<\/em> sp.4<\/sup>; Asteraceae<\/strong>: Helianthus<\/em> annuus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Helianthus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Pyrrhopappus<\/em> carolinianus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>; Berberidaceae<\/strong>: Nandina<\/em> domestica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Bignoniaceae<\/strong>: Tabebuia<\/em> pentaphylla<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Bromeliaceae<\/strong>: Bromelia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Vriesea<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Burseraceae<\/strong>: Canarium<\/em> album3<\/sup>;<\/em> Buxaceae<\/strong>: Buxus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Cannaceae<\/strong>: Canna<\/em> generalis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Caprifoliaceae<\/strong>: Viburnum<\/em> arboricolum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Viburnum<\/em> awabuki<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Viburnum<\/em> odoratissimum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Weigela<\/em> sp.3,4<\/sup>; Caricaceae<\/strong>: Carica<\/em> papaya<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Celastraceae<\/strong>: Euonymus<\/em> sacrosancta<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Schaefferia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Clusiaceae<\/strong>: Calophyllum<\/em> inophyllum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Combretaceae<\/strong>: Terminalia<\/em> catappa<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Cornaceae<\/strong>: Aucuba<\/em> japonica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Cornus<\/em> controversa<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Cornus<\/em> florida<\/em>3,4<\/sup>; Crassulaceae<\/strong>: Bryophyllum<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Cycadaceae<\/strong>: Cycas<\/em> circinalis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Cycas<\/em> revoluta<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Cycas<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Zamia<\/em> floridana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Zamia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Daphniphyllaceae<\/strong>: Daphniphyllum<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Ebenaceae<\/strong>: Diospyros<\/em> lotus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Diospyros<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Elaeocarpaceae<\/strong>: Elaeocarpus<\/em> decipiens<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Elaeocarpus<\/em> photiniaefolius<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Ericaceae<\/strong>: Chimaphila<\/em> maculata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Rhododendron<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Euphorbiaceae<\/strong>: Aleurites<\/em> moluccana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Aleurites<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Bischofia<\/em> javanica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Daphniphyllum<\/em> glaucescens<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Daphniphyllum<\/em> macropodum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Daphniphyllum<\/em> teijsmanni<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Euphorbia<\/em> humistrata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Excoecaria<\/em> orientalis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Hevea<\/em> brasiliensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Hevea<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Jatropha<\/em> hastata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Sapium<\/em> sebiferum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Fagaceae<\/strong>: Lithocarpus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Garryaceae<\/strong>: Aucuba<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Gnetaceae<\/strong>: Gnetum<\/em> luofuerise<\/em>3<\/sup>;<\/em> Hamamelidaceae<\/strong>: Liquidambar<\/em> formosana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Heliconiaceae<\/strong>: Heliconia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Hemerocallidaceae<\/strong>: Dianella<\/em> sp.3<\/sup>; Hippocastanaceae<\/strong>: Aesculus<\/em> turbinate<\/em>3<\/sup>;<\/em> Hydrangeaceae<\/strong>: Deutzia<\/em> scabra crenata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Iridaceae<\/strong>: Iris<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Moraea<\/em> bicolor<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Lardizabalaceae<\/strong>: Akebia<\/em> lobata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Akebia<\/em> quinata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Akebia<\/em> trifoliate<\/em>3,4<\/sup>; Lauraceae<\/strong>: Machilus<\/em> kobu<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Persea<\/em> americana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Lecythidaceae<\/strong>: Barringtonia<\/em> speciose<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Liliaceae<\/strong>: Cordyline<\/em> terminalis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Dianella<\/em> ensifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Dianella<\/em> montana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Dianella<\/em> tasmanica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Liriope<\/em> muscari<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Nolina<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Phormium<\/em> tenax<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Sansevieria<\/em> nilotica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Yucca<\/em> gloriosa<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Yucca<\/em> recurvifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>; Loganiaceae<\/strong>: Fagraea<\/em> berteriana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Loranthaceae<\/strong>: Dendrophthoe<\/em> falcate3<\/sup><\/em>, Ettingsh sp.3<\/sup>; Magnoliaceae<\/strong>: Magnolia<\/em> denudata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Magnolia<\/em> grandiflora<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Magnolia<\/em> kobus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Magnolia<\/em> officinalis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Magnolia<\/em> soulangeana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Magnolia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Magnolia<\/em> virginiana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Michelia<\/em> alba<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Michelia<\/em> champaca<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Michelia<\/em> compressa<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Michelia<\/em> figo<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Michelia<\/em> fuscata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Michelia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Schizandra<\/em> chinensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Malvaceae<\/strong>: Hibiscus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Marantaceae<\/strong>: Clinogyne<\/em> virgata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Melastomaceae<\/strong>: Melastoma<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Meliaceae<\/strong>: Aglaia<\/em> odorata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Moraceae<\/strong>: Ficus<\/em> carica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Ficus<\/em> microcarpa3<\/sup><\/em>, Ficus<\/em> pumila<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Ficus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Ficus<\/em> wightiana<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Morus<\/em> alba<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Morus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Musaceae<\/strong>: Musa<\/em> paradisiaca<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Musa<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Strelitzia<\/em> nicolai<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Strelitzia<\/em> reginae<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Myristicaceae<\/strong>: Myristica<\/em> fragrans<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Myristica<\/em> laurifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Myristica<\/em> moschata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Myristica<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Myrtaceae<\/strong>: Callistemon<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Eugenia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Pimenta<\/em> officinalis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Syzigium<\/em> eumini<\/em>3<\/sup>;<\/em> Oleaceae<\/strong>: Olea<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Osmanthus<\/em> fragrans<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Syringa<\/em> amurensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Pandanaceae<\/strong>: Pandanus<\/em> odoratissimus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Phyllanthaceae<\/strong>: Bischofia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Poaceae<\/strong> Bambusa<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Podocarpaceae<\/strong>: Podocarpus<\/em> nagi<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em>\u00a0 Polygonaceae<\/strong>: Polygonum<\/em> spp. 3,4<\/sup>; Pteridophyta<\/strong>: Adiantum<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Rhizophoraceae<\/strong>: Rhizophora<\/em> mangle<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Rhizophora<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Rosaceae<\/strong>: Prunus<\/em> padus<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Rubiaceae<\/strong>: Adina<\/em> rubella<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Gardenia<\/em> jasminoides<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Gardenia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Ixora<\/em> coccinea<\/em>3<\/sup>;<\/em> Ruscaceae<\/strong>: Dracaena<\/em> sp.3<\/sup>; Rutaceae<\/strong>: Calodendrum <\/em>spp. 3,4<\/sup>, Citrus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Sarraceniaceae<\/strong>: Sarracenia<\/em> purpurea<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Saxifragaceae<\/strong>: Deutzia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Ribes<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Solanaceae<\/strong>: Capsicum<\/em> annuum<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Strelitziaceae<\/strong>: Ravenala<\/em> madagascariensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Strelitzia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Symplocaceae<\/strong>: Symplocos<\/em> ramosissima<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Taxaceae<\/strong>: Taxus<\/em> cuspidata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Taxus<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Torreya<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Theaceae<\/strong>: Camellia<\/em> japonica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Camellia<\/em> oleifera<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Camellia<\/em> sasanqua<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Camellia<\/em> sinensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Camellia<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>, Eurya<\/em> acuminata<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Eurya<\/em> crenatifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Eurya<\/em> japonica<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Eurya<\/em> strigillosa<\/em>3,4<\/sup>, Thea<\/em> sinensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Trochodendraceae<\/strong>: Trochodendron<\/em> aralioides<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Ulmaceae<\/strong>: Aphananthe<\/em> sp. 3,4<\/sup>; Verbenaceae<\/strong>: Stachytarpheta<\/em> jamaicensis<\/em>3,4<\/sup>;<\/em> Xanthorrhoeaceae<\/strong>: Dianella<\/em> sp.4<\/sup>; Uncertain:<\/strong> Zorisma<\/em> ovalifolia<\/em>3,4<\/sup>.\u00a0 Pseudalacaspis cockerelli<\/em> may be transported long distances when infested plants or fresh plant parts are moved.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>: Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is probably native to Asia2<\/sup>.\u00a0 From there it has spread throughout much of the world3,4<\/sup>.\u00a0 It was first found in Hawaii in 18982<\/sup> and Florida in 19421<\/sup>.\u00a0 Within the continental United States it is now considered widespread in the Gulf States and Georgia1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u><\/strong>: Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is listed as a harmful organism by Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Panama, and Peru5<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> has not been found in the environment of California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is regularly found by CDFA\u2019s high risk inspections, border stations, dog teams, and nursery inspections.\u00a0 Between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2014 the scale was intercepted 2,187 times, typically on nursery stock and fresh plant parts from Florida and Hawaii.<\/p>\n

The risk Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> (magnolia white scale) would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span>:<\/strong> Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is highly polyphagous and is likely to find suitable hosts throughout California and establish a widespread distribution in the state. It receives a High (3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California.\u00a0 Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range:<\/strong> Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> feeds on hundreds of species of plants in at least 81 families.\u00a0 It receives a High (3)<\/strong> i<\/span>n this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span>:<\/strong> Scale insects are capable of rapid reproduction and can be transported long distances when infested plants or fresh plant parts are moved.\u00a0 They may also disperse locally by crawling, wind, or by hitchhiking on clothing, equipment, or animals.\u00a0 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> receives a High (3)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is likely to reduce the value of nursery stock by disfiguring plants with its presence.\u00a0 It is also likely to increase production costs by triggering new management programs.\u00a0 The scale is also considered a quarantine pest by several of California\u2019s trading partners.\u00a0 Its presence in the state may disrupt markets for nursery stock and fresh fruit.\u00a0 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> receives a Medium (2)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B<\/strong>. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/span><\/p>\n

C<\/strong>. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/span><\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact<\/span>:<\/strong> Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is likely to trigger additional treatment programs in the nursery industry and by residents who find infested plants unsightly.\u00a0 The scale insect is also likely to significantly affect many ornamental plantings.\u00a0 It receives a High (3)<\/strong><\/span> rating in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D<\/strong>. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/span><\/p>\n

E<\/strong>. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/span><\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Magnolia White Scale):\u00a0 High (14)<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here.<\/p>\n

–Low<\/strong> = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> = 13-15 points<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span>:<\/strong> Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> has not been found in the environment of California and receives a Not established (0)<\/strong><\/span> in this category.<\/p>\n

Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included.<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span><\/p>\n

–Low (-1)<\/strong> Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

–Medium (-2)<\/strong> Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

–High (-3)<\/strong> Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Final Score<\/h5>\n

The final score is the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: High (14) <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uncertainty: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> is frequently intercepted by CDFA.\u00a0 Presumably, it enters California at other times undetected.\u00a0 It is possible that it has been introduced and is established in some localities.\u00a0 Alternatively, it could be failing to establish.<\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli<\/em> has not been found in California and is expected to have significant economic and environmental impacts if it were to establish in the state. \u00a0An \u201cA\u201d rating is justified.<\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

1<\/sup> Hamon, Avas B. 2015. University of Florida Featured Creatures.\u00a0 Common name: false oleander scale.\u00a0 http:\/\/entnemdept.ufl.edu\/creatures\/orn\/scales\/false_oleander_scale.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

2<\/sup> Tenbrink, Victoria L. and Arnold H. Hara. 1992.\u00a0 Hawaii Crop Knowledge Master: Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley).\u00a0 http:\/\/www.extento.hawaii.edu\/kbase\/crop\/Type\/p_cocker.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

3<\/sup> SEL Catalog.<\/p>\n

4<\/sup> Miller, Dug, Yair Ben-Dov, Gary Gibson, and Nate Hardy.\u00a0 ScaleNet.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/scalenet.info\/catalogue\/Pseudaulacaspis%20cockerelli\/<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/scalenet.info\/validname\/Pseudaulacaspis\/cockerelli\/<\/a><\/p>\n

5<\/sup> USDA Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT) Phytosanitary Export Database (PExD).\u00a0 https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/pcit\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/h5>\n

Jason Leathers, 1220 N Street, Sacramento, CA, 95814, (916) 654-1211, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest\u00a0<\/strong>Rating: \u00a0A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley): Magnolia White Scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae Pest\u00a0Rating: \u00a0A PEST RATING PROFILE \u00a0Initiating Event: Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli is frequently intercepted by CDFA and requires a pest rating proposal to support its pest rating. History & Status: Background:\u00a0 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli is a highly polyphagous armored scale insect that is a pest of … Continue reading Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli (Cooley): Magnolia White Scale<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[18,5],"tags":[186,52,343],"class_list":["post-2040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hemiptera","category-entomology","tag-hemiptera","tag-insects-and-mites","tag-pseudaulacaspis-cockerelli"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-wU","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":719,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=719","url_meta":{"origin":2040,"position":0},"title":"Pseudaulacaspis brimblecombei Williams: Waratah Scale","author":"Jason Leathers","date":"April 7, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pseudaulacaspis brimblecombei Williams: Waratah Scale1 Hemiptera: Diaspididae Pest\u00a0Rating: \u00a0A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Pseudaulacaspis brimblecombei is commonly intercepted by California\u2019s high risk programs and occasionally by dog teams.\u00a0 This armored scale insect is currently assigned a temporary rating of \u201cQ\u201d and is therefore in need\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hemiptera"","block_context":{"text":"Hemiptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=18"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5888,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=5888","url_meta":{"origin":2040,"position":1},"title":"White Prunicola Scale | Pseudaulacaspis prunicola","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"December 6, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pseudaulacaspis prunicola (Maskell) | White prunicola scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae Pest Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: In 2018, this scale was found in Solano County on Ligustrum sp. bonsai that had been purchased in Fresno County.\u00a0 This scale currently has a Q-rating.\u00a0 A permanent pest\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "A-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"A-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=669"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2620,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2620","url_meta":{"origin":2040,"position":2},"title":"White Peach Scale | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni)","author":"Jason Leathers","date":"September 23, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni): White Peach Scale Hemiptera: Diaspididae Pest Rating: A PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: Pseudaulacaspis pentagona is frequently intercepted by CDFA.\u00a0 A pest rating proposal is required to justify its pest rating. 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History & Status: Background: \u00a0\u00a0Hemiberlesia palmae is a widely-distributed armored scale.\u00a0 This highly polyphagous species has\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hemiptera"","block_context":{"text":"Hemiptera","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=18"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7438,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=7438","url_meta":{"origin":2040,"position":5},"title":"Ceroplastes dugesii Lichtenstein: Duges wax scale Hemiptera: Coccidae","author":"Kyle Beucke","date":"August 18, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Profile for Ceroplastes dugesii Lichtenstein: Dugg wax scale Hemiptera: CoccidaePest Rating: A download pest rating Profile *NOTE: You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. 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