{"id":2031,"date":"2016-06-02T07:00:46","date_gmt":"2016-06-02T14:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2031"},"modified":"2024-04-26T10:46:26","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T17:46:26","slug":"pratylenchus-thornei-sher-allen-1953","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=2031","title":{"rendered":"Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Pratylenchus<\/a><\/h5>\n
California Pest Rating for<\/h5>\n
Pratylenchus thornei <\/em><\/strong>Sher & Allen, 1953<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: C\u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

During the 1950-60s, several species of plant parasitic nematodes were given a \u2018D\u2019 rating as they were regarded as parasites, predators or organisms of little or no economic importance that did not require State enforced regulatory action.\u00a0 However, these nematode species were inaccurately assigned a D rating as most, if not all, are plant parasitic and therefore, capable of damaging plant production and causing significant economic losses especially at the county and local residential\/grower level.\u00a0 Furthermore, the detection of plant parasitic nematodes in nursery stock may be an indication of contamination in violation of the State\u2019s standard of pest cleanliness required for nurseries. Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> was originally rated D and its risk of infestation and permanent rating are re-assessed here.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0The root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei<\/em>, was first reported from soil around the roots of grass at Berkeley, California (Sher & Allen, 1953). Since then, P. thornei<\/em> has been found to be associated with a variety of plants in different geographic locations and is a serious parasite of wheat in Utah, Australia, Yugoslavia, India, Italy, and Mexico (Fortuner, 1977).\u00a0 The host status of associated plants is not always known. Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> is one of the most widely distributed species of Pratylenchus<\/em> and has been reported from every continent except Antarctica (Castillo & Vovlas, 2007).\u00a0 In California, P. thornei<\/em> is widely distributed statewide, even though it is known to prefer temperate soils (CABI, 2016).<\/p>\n

Pratylenchus thornei, <\/em>is an obligate migratory endoparasite that first feeds externally then enters plant roots, feeds, reproduces and moves freely within the tissue while spending its entire life cycle there.\u00a0 The species can also be found in soil around roots.\u00a0 Within the roots, feeding is confined to the root cortex.\u00a0 Like other Pratylenchus<\/em> species, P. thornei<\/em> has six life stages: egg, four juvenile stages and adults.\u00a0 Reproduction is by parthenogenesis (without fertilization). First stage juveniles develop within the egg, followed by a first molt to the second stage juvenile that hatches from the egg.\u00a0 Each stage develops into the next via<\/em> a molt of its cuticle (outer body covering).\u00a0 All juvenile and adult stages are worm-shaped (vermiform). \u00a0All post-hatch stages are motile and can infect plants.\u00a0 The time to complete a life cycle is dependent on temperature and moisture.\u00a0 The life cycle of P. thornei<\/em> was completed in about 25-35 days on carrot discs at 20-25\u00b0C (Castillo et al<\/em>., 1995) and about 25-29\u00b0C on corn at 30\u00b0C (Siyanand et al<\/em>., 1982).\u00a0 Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> survives the winter in infected roots or soil as eggs, juveniles or adults.\u00a0 Under experimental conditions, survival of P. thornei<\/em> in 200 g soil samples was reduced by drying to 5% moisture content and at 40\u00b0C was killed in less than 2 weeks, perhaps due to loss of moisture. \u00a0\u00a0The nematodes become inactive at freezing to – 5\u00b0C Fortuner, 1977).\u00a0 During spring, when plant growth is active, eggs hatch, nematodes are attracted to the plant roots and begin to feed and continue their life cycle within roots or in rhizosphere soil.\u00a0 Within the root, the nematode feeds on cortical tissue causing necrosis of cortical cells, cell breakdown, and formation of cavities. Necrosis is apparent as lesions which expand as the nematodes move lengthwise within the infected roots.\u00a0 Some nematodes may leave the root, enter soil and re-enter the root at a different site causing a new infection.<\/p>\n

Hosts<\/em><\/strong>: Pratylenchus thornei <\/em>is an important root parasite primarily of wheat and other cereals such as, barley and maize.\u00a0 The nematode species has been associated with different plants from several countries.\u00a0 The host status of associated plants is not always known.\u00a0 Nevertheless, hosts\/associated plants include, cereals, wheat, durum wheat, barley, chickpea, corn, oats, sorghum,\u00a0 tobacco, carrot, celery, globe artichoke, asparagus, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, olive, onion, cotton, potato, strawberry, tomato, tea, ginger, strawberry clover, berseem clover, white clover, soybean, leguminous plants, sweet pea, lentil, alfalfa, pea, common bean, faba bean, lima bean, cowpea, papaya, red currant, apple, apricot, pear, peach, plum, cherry, walnut, almond, grapevine, blackberry, citrus, fig, sugarcane, groundnut, canola, watermelon, beetroot, various grasses, bent grass, safed musli (Chlorophytum borivillianum<\/em> \u2013 medicinal plant), \u00a0rose, candytuft, chrysanthemum, iris, lily, pine, oak, peppermint, spearmint (CABI, 2016; Castillo & Vovlas, 2007; Siddiqui et al., 1973; Smiley et al.,<\/em> 2014).<\/p>\n

Symptoms<\/strong>: <\/em>In general, root lesion infection results in plant exhibiting symptoms of chlorosis, wilting, and stunting.\u00a0 Infected roots show initial symptoms of small, water-soaked lesions that soon turn brown to black.\u00a0 Lesions are formed along the root axis and may coalesce laterally to girdle the roots which are killed.\u00a0 Affected root tissue may slough off leaving a severely reduced root system. Secondary infection by fungi and bacteria may further destroy the root system by causing sloughing off of the root tissues and rot.\u00a0 Plant yield is reduced and in severe infections plants may be killed.<\/p>\n

Damage Potential<\/strong>: \u00a0Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> is capable to reducing root growth and function thereby, causing reduction in plant growth and yield of its associated host plants.<\/p>\n

Spread<\/em><\/strong>: \u00a0On its own, Pratylenchus<\/em> species move can move 1-2 m from an infected root.\u00a0 The main mode of long and short distance spread is artificial. Infected roots, bare root propagative plant materials, soil debris, run-off and irrigation water, cultivation tools, equipment and human activity that can move soils from infested to non-infested sites.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>: \u00a0Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> has been reported worldwide in Asia<\/em>: Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Republic of Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey; Africa<\/em>: Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia; Europe<\/em>: Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherland, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia; North America<\/em>: USA, Canada, Mexico; South America<\/em>: Argentina, Chile, Venezuela; Oceania: Australia: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia (CABI, 2014; Castillo & Vovlas, 2007; Fortuner, 1977).<\/p>\n

In the USA, Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> has been reported in California, and several other states including, Colorado, Idaho, Maryland, Nebraska, Ohio, Oregon, Utah, Virginia, and Washington (CABI, 2014; Castillo & Vovlas, 2007; Fortuner, 1977).<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u><\/strong>: Currently, Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> is rated \u2018D\u2019 by CDFA.\u00a0 The following countries include the species on their Harmful Organism Lists: Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Honduras, Indonesia, Jordan, Panama, and Peru (USDA-PCIT, 2016).<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> is widely distributed in California.<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u><\/strong>: Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> has been detected in several incoming shipments of plants and soil to California.<\/p>\n

The risk Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

1)\u00a0Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3) <\/em><\/strong><\/span>\u2013 <\/em>Pratylenchus thornei is able to establish throughout the State.<\/em><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) has a very limited host range.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has a moderate host range.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2)<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 Pratylenchus thornei is an important parasite of wheat and other cereals, but its diverse range of hosts are grown throughout the State and include, fruit trees, vegetable crops, and ornamentals.<\/em><\/p>\n

3)\u00a0Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2) has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.<\/p>\n

– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3)<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>\u2013Long and short distance spread is mainly infected roots, bare root propagative plant materials, soil debris, run-off and irrigation water, cultivation tools, equipment and human activity that can move soils from infested to non-infested sites.<\/em><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A. The pest could lower crop yield.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).<\/p>\n

C. The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).<\/p>\n

D. The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.<\/p>\n

E. The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.<\/p>\n

F. The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.<\/p>\n

G. The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1)<\/strong> causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Medium (2) causes 2 of these impacts.<\/p>\n

– High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

Risk is Low (1)<\/em><\/strong><\/span> \u2013 At the local residential\/grower level, <\/em>Pratylenchus thornei infections could result in lowered crop yield.<\/em><\/p>\n

5) Environmental Impact<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.<\/p>\n

B. The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.<\/p>\n

C. The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.<\/p>\n

D. The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.<\/p>\n

E. The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) causes none of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– High (3) causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2)<\/span> <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 The impact of<\/em> Pratylenchus thornei on natural environments is most likely not significant as the species is already widespread without causing apparent detriment to ecological balances and processes, however, the infestations of this root lesion nematode could affect home\/urban gardening. <\/em><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Pratylenchus thornei:<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

Add up the total score and include it here. (Score)<\/p>\n

-Low = 5-8 points<\/p>\n

–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/span><\/p>\n

-High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

Total points obtained on evaluation of consequences of introduction of Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> to California = (11)<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

6) Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included. (Score)<\/p>\n

-Not established (0) Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/p>\n

-Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).<\/p>\n

-Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

–High<\/strong> (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evaluation is High (-3)<\/span>.\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>Pratylenchus thornei is widely spread in several contiguous and non-contiguous climate and host regions throughout the state.<\/em><\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

7) The final score is<\/strong> the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: (Score)<\/p>\n

Final Score: <\/em><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Score of Consequences of Introduction \u2013 Score of Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information =<\/strong> 8<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Uncertainty:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n

None.<\/em><\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Based on the evidence provided above the proposed rating for the lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei<\/em>, is C.<\/strong><\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

C<\/strong>ABI.\u00a0 2014.\u00a0 Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> (nematode, California meadow) basic datasheet.\u00a0 http:\/\/www.cabi.org\/cpc\/datasheet\/43903<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>astillo, P. and N. Vovlas.\u00a0 2007.\u00a0 Pratylenchus<\/em> (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae): diagnosis, biology, pathogenicity and management.\u00a0 Hunt, D. J., and R. N. Perry (Series Eds).Nematology monographs and perspectives. Brill Leiden-Boston. 529 p.<\/p>\n

Castillo, P., R. M. Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz, A. Gomez-Barcina, and N. Vovlas.\u00a0 1995.\u00a0 Parasitism of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> on chickpea.\u00a0 Plant Pathology 44:728-733.<\/p>\n

F<\/strong>ortuner, R.\u00a0 1977.\u00a0 Pratylenchus thornei.<\/em>\u00a0 Commonwealth Institute of Helminthology (C.I.H.) descriptions of plant-parasitic nematodes set 7, No. 93.<\/p>\n

U<\/strong>SDA-PCIT.\u00a0 2016.\u00a0 United States Department of Agriculture, Phytosanitary Certificate Issuance & Tracking System (PCIT). https:\/\/pcit.aphis.usda.gov\/PExD\/faces\/ViewPExD.jsp<\/a> .<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>her, S. A. and M. W. Allen.\u00a0 1953.\u00a0 Revision of the genus Pratylenchus<\/em> (Nematoda: Tylenchidae).\u00a0 University of California Publications in Zoology 57:441-447.<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>iyanand, A. R. Seshadri, and D. R. Dasgupta.\u00a0 1982.\u00a0 Investigation on the life cycles of Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris<\/em>, Pratylenchus thornei<\/em> and Hoplolaimus indicus<\/em> individually and in combined infestations in corn.\u00a0 Indian Journal of Nematology 12:272-276.<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>iddiqui, I. A., S. A. Sher and A. M. French.\u00a0 1973.\u00a0 Distribution of plant parasitic nematodes in California. State of California Department of Food and Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry. 324p.<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>miley, R.W., G. Yan, J. A. Gourlie.\u00a0 2014.\u00a0 Selected Pacific Northwest rangeland and weed plants as hosts of Pratylenchus neglectus<\/em> and P. thornei<\/em>. Plant Disease 98: 1333-1340.<\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/h5>\n

John J. Chitambar, Primary Plant Pathologist\/Nematologist, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832. Phone: 916-262-1110, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Period: CLOSED<\/span><\/h5>\n

The 45-day comment period opened on Jun 2,\u00a02016 and\u00a0closed on Jul 17, 2016.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment<\/span>:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: C\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating for Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 Pest Rating: C\u00a0   PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: During the 1950-60s, several species of plant parasitic nematodes were given a \u2018D\u2019 rating as they were regarded as parasites, predators or organisms of little or no economic importance that did not require State enforced regulatory … Continue reading Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1117,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27],"tags":[188,336],"class_list":["post-2031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nematodes","tag-nematodes","tag-pratylenchus-thornei"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-wL","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1955,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1955","url_meta":{"origin":2031,"position":0},"title":"Nematodes","author":"Admin","date":"May 13, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"(Plant Parasitic Nematodes) Nematodes (also called \u2018roundworms\u2019) are relatively small, multicellular, worm-like animals. They are found in almost every environmental niche imaginable, living free in soil, marine and freshwater habitats while feeding on bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, or as parasites of humans, insects, fish, larger animals and plants. Plant parasitic\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ratings"","block_context":{"text":"Ratings","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=333"},"img":{"alt_text":"Nematodes montage","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/nematodes-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/nematodes-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/nematodes-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/nematodes-featured-image.jpg?fit=1038%2C588&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9600,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=9600","url_meta":{"origin":2031,"position":1},"title":"Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 walnut root lesion nematode","author":"Heather.Martin","date":"February 22, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 walnut root lesion nematodePest Rating: C download pest rating *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by tn","rel":"","context":"In "C-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"C-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=671"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1436,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1436","url_meta":{"origin":2031,"position":2},"title":"Pratylenchus neglectus","author":"Admin","date":"January 5, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev & Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1941 Pest Rating: C \u00a0 PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: During the 1950-60s, several species of plant parasitic nematodes were given a \u2018D\u2019 rating as they were regarded as parasites, predators or organisms of little or no economic importance\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Nematodes"","block_context":{"text":"Nematodes","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=27"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":10770,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=10770","url_meta":{"origin":2031,"position":3},"title":"Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner, 1943 Scribner\u2019s root-lesion nematode","author":"Heather.Martin","date":"July 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner, 1943 Scribner's root-lesion nematodePest Rating: C download pest rating *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. Posted by ta","rel":"","context":"In "C-Rated"","block_context":{"text":"C-Rated","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=671"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":11822,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=11822","url_meta":{"origin":2031,"position":4},"title":"Pratylenchus crenatus Loof 1960 Root lesion nematode","author":"Heather.Martin","date":"September 19, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Pratylenchus crenatus Loof 1960 Root lesion nematodePest Rating: C download pest rating *NOTE You must be registered and logged in to post a comment. If you have registered and have not received the registration confirmation, please contact us at permits[@]cdfa.ca.gov. 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