{"id":1369,"date":"2015-12-18T15:50:05","date_gmt":"2015-12-18T23:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1369"},"modified":"2024-04-26T11:15:58","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T18:15:58","slug":"colletotrichum-siamense-prihastuti-l-cai-k-d-hyde-2009","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1369","title":{"rendered":"Colletotrichum siamense Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2009"},"content":{"rendered":"
California Pest Rating Proposal for<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Colletotrichum siamense <\/em><\/strong>Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2009<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Pest Rating: B<\/strong><\/h5>\n
\n
PEST RATING PROFILE<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Initiating Event: \u00a0<\/strong><\/h5>\n

On June 26, 2015, a California Dog Team intercepted Cacao seed pods with necrotic spots at a parcel distribution facility in Mariposa County and sent a sample to the CDFA Plant Diagnostics Branch for disease diagnosis.\u00a0 The shipment had originated in Mircao, Puerto Rico and was destined to a private citizen in Mariposa County, California.\u00a0 Suzanne Latham, CDFA plant pathologist identified the fungal anthracnose and fruit rot pathogen, Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> as the cause for the disease and marked the first detection of C. siamense<\/em> in California.\u00a0 Several detections of this fungal pathogen followed the initial find: on October 8, 2015, in fruit of star fruit and Jew plum originating in Florida and destined for San Diego and Santa Clara Counties; on October 13, 2015, in avocado fruit from Puerto Rico and destined for Contra Costa County; on November 9, 2015, in fruit of two unknown hosts that originated from Florida.\u00a0 In all these cases the fruit were intercepted by California Dog Teams and destined to private citizens in California. Consequent to these California detections, all infected plant materials were destroyed. The risk of infestation of C. siamense<\/em> in California is evaluated and a permanent rating is proposed.<\/p>\n

History & Status:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Background<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> is a distinct fungus species belonging to the vastly morphological and physiological variable C. gloeosporioides <\/em>and is genetically identified from other species of the complex. \u00a0However, C. jasmine-sambac<\/em> and C. hymenocallidis<\/em> are synonyms of C. siamense<\/em> (Weir et al<\/em>, 2012).\u00a0 The species was originally described in 2009 from infected coffee berries (Coffea arabica<\/em>) in Thailand.\u00a0 Since then, it has been found on a wide range of hosts from several tropical and subtropical global regions.<\/p>\n

Hosts<\/strong>: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus<\/em>), bamboo orchid (Arundina graminifolia<\/em>), neem (Azadirachta indica<\/em>), capsicum (Capsicum annuum<\/em>); papaya (Carica papaya<\/em>), mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata<\/em>), coffee (Coffea<\/em> sp., C. arabica, C. canephora<\/em>), dayflowers (Commelina<\/em> sp.), Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotunda<\/em>), loquat (Eriobotrya<\/em> japonica)<\/em>, edible fig (Ficus carica<\/em>), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa<\/em>), spider lily (Hymenocallis<\/em> sp., H. americana<\/em>), jasmine (Jasminum sambac<\/em>), apple (Malus domestica<\/em>), mint (Mentha<\/em> sp.), avocado (Persea Americana<\/em>), black pepper (Piper nigrum<\/em>), pistachio (Pistacia vera<\/em>), king protea (Protea cynaroides<\/em>), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis<\/em>), cacao (Theobroma cacao<\/em>), grape (Vitis vinifera<\/em>) (Farr & Rossman, 2015).\u00a0 Onion (Allium cepa<\/em>) (Chowpadda et al<\/em>., 2015), chili pepper (Capsicum<\/em> sp.) (Sharma & Shenoy, 2014), bauhinia (Bauhinia forficate<\/em> subsp. pruinos<\/em>a) (Larran et a<\/em>l., 2015).\u00a0 The recent California detections mentioned above include C. siamense<\/em> in star fruit (Averrhoa carambola<\/em>) and Jew plum (Spondias dulcis<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Symptoms<\/strong>:\u00a0 Colletotrichum siamense <\/em>causes leaf and fruit spots and leaf drop.\u00a0 In mandarin orange, initial symptoms appeared on young leaves as reddish-brown lesions 2-5 mm in diameter. Several weeks later 20-70% of leaves had dropped and 10-50% exhibited brown spots 5-40 mm in diameter (Cheng, et al<\/em>., 2013).\u00a0 Circular or irregular light brown necrotic lesions surrounded by dark brown borders were present in bauhinia leaves in Argentina (Larran et al<\/em>., 2015).\u00a0 Generally, Colletotrichum<\/em>-infected host plants exhibit symptoms of anthracnose which include dark brown leaf, stem and fruit spots and wilting of leaves which often result in dieback and reduction in plant quality.<\/p>\n

Damage Potential<\/strong>:\u00a0 Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum siamense <\/em>can result in reduced plant quality and growth, fruit production and marketability.\u00a0 In China, about 15% yield losses was observed on different aged trees of mandarin orange, Citrus reticulata<\/em> cv. Shiyue<\/em> . \u00a0In California, nursery productions of fruit and ornamental plants are particularly at risk as nursery conditions are often conducive to infection by Colletotrichum<\/em> species.\u00a0 In open fields, disease development may be sporadic as it is affected by levels of pathogen inoculum and environmental conditions.<\/p>\n

Disease Cycle<\/strong>:\u00a0 It is likely that Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> has a similar life cycle to that of other Colletotrichum<\/em> species and survives between crops during winter as mycelium on plant residue in soil, on infected plants, and on seeds.\u00a0 During active growth, the pathogen produces masses of hyphae (stromata) which bear conidiophores, on the plant surface. Conidia (spores) are produced at the tips of the conidiophores and disseminated by wind, rain, cultivation tools, equipment, and field workers.\u00a0 \u00a0Conidia are transmitted to host plants.\u00a0 Humid, wet, rainy weather is necessary for infection to occur.\u00a0 These requirements in particular may limit the occurrence of the pathogen in California fields and subsequently, the pathogen may be more of a problem under controlled environments of greenhouses.\u00a0 Conidia germinate, penetrate host tissue by means of specialized hyphae (appresoria) and invade host tissue.<\/p>\n

Transmission<\/strong>:\u00a0 Wind, wind-driven rain, cultivation tools, and human contact.<\/p>\n

Worldwide Distribution<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 Colletotrichum siamense <\/em>is distributed in Asia<\/em>: China, India, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa<\/em>: Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Zimbabwe; North America<\/em>: USA (Alabama, Florida, North Carolina); South America<\/em>: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia; Australia<\/em> (Farr & Rossman, 2015; Larran et al<\/em>., 2015).<\/p>\n

Official Control<\/u><\/strong>:\u00a0 In California C. siamense <\/em>is an actionable, Q-rated pathogen, and infected plant material is subject to destruction or rejection.<\/p>\n

California Distribution<\/u><\/strong>: Colletotrichum siamense <\/em>is not established in California (see \u201cInitiating Event\u201d).<\/p>\n

California Interceptions<\/u><\/strong>: There have been seven interceptions of Colletotrichum siamense-<\/em>infected fruit of avocado, star fruit, Jew plum, cacao seed pods, and two unknown hosts (see \u2018Initiating event\u2019).<\/p>\n

The risk Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> would pose to California is evaluated below.<\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/h5>\n

1) Climate\/Host Interaction<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate if the pest would have suitable hosts and climate to establish in California. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) Not likely to establish in California; or likely to establish in very limited areas.
\n– Medium (2)<\/strong> may be able to establish in a larger but limited part of California.<\/span>
\n– High (3) likely to establish a widespread distribution in California.<\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2) <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 Similar to other species of <\/em>Colletotrichum siamense requires humid, wet, rainy weather for conidia to infect host plants. This environmental requirement and narrow host range may limit the ability of the pathogen to fully establish and spread under dry field conditions in mainly in southern California.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

2) Known Pest Host Range<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the host range of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) has a very limited host range.
\n– Medium (2) has a moderate host range.
\n– High (3)<\/strong> has a wide host range.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3) <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 Colletotrichum siamense <\/span>has a wide and diverse range of host plants grown in subtropical and tropical regions.\u00a0 Several of these are grown in California and include grape, strawberry, apple, avocado, fig, and onion.<\/span> \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

3) Pest Dispersal Potential<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the natural and artificial dispersal potential of the pest. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) does not have high reproductive or dispersal potential.
\n– Medium (2) has either high reproductive or dispersal potential.
\n– High (3)<\/strong> has both high reproduction and dispersal potential.<\/span><\/p>\n

Risk is High (3) <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 The pathogen has high reproductive potential and conidia are produced successively.\u00a0 They are transmitted by wind, wind-driven rain, cultivation tools, and human contact however conidial germination and plant infection require long, wet periods.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

4) Economic Impact<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the economic impact of the pest to California using the criteria below. Score:<\/p>\n

A. \u00a0The pest could lower crop yield.
\nB. \u00a0The pest could lower crop value (includes increasing crop production costs).
\nC. \u00a0The pest could trigger the loss of markets (includes quarantines).
\nD. \u00a0The pest could negatively change normal cultural practices.
\nE. \u00a0The pest can vector, or is vectored, by another pestiferous organism.
\nF. \u00a0The organism is injurious or poisonous to agriculturally important animals.
\nG. \u00a0The organism can interfere with the delivery or supply of water for agricultural uses.<\/p>\n

– Low (1) causes 0 or 1 of these impacts.
\n– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes 2 of these impacts.<\/span>
\n– High (3) causes 3 or more of these impacts.<\/p>\n

Risk is Medium (2)<\/em><\/strong><\/span> \u2013Anthracnose-infected fruit may result in lower crop value and market loss.\u00a0 Its economic impact is evaluated as a medium risk. \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

5) \u00a0Environmental Impact<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the environmental impact of the pest on California using the criteria below.<\/p>\n

A. \u00a0The pest could have a significant environmental impact such as lowering biodiversity, disrupting natural communities, or changing ecosystem processes.
\nB. \u00a0The pest could directly affect threatened or endangered species.
\nC. \u00a0The pest could impact threatened or endangered species by disrupting critical habitats.
\nD. \u00a0The pest could trigger additional official or private treatment programs.
\nE. \u00a0The pest significantly impacts cultural practices, home\/urban gardening or ornamental plantings.<\/p>\n

Score the pest for Environmental Impact. Score:<\/p>\n

– Low (1) causes none of the above to occur.
\n– Medium (2)<\/strong> causes one of the above to occur.<\/span>
\n– High (3) causes two or more of the above to occur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Risk is <\/em><\/strong>Medium (2<\/em><\/strong>) <\/em><\/strong>\u2013 The pathogen could significantly impact backyard productions of fruit and ornamental plants wherever grown in California.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction to California for Colletotrichum siamense:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Add up the total score and include it here. (Score)<\/p>\n

-Low = 5-8 points
\n–Medium<\/strong> = 9-12 points<\/span>
\n-High = 13-15 points<\/p>\n

Total points obtained on evaluation of consequences of introduction of Colletotrichum siamense <\/em>to California = (12)<\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

6) \u00a0Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information<\/span><\/strong>: Evaluate the known distribution in California. Only official records identified by a taxonomic expert and supported by voucher specimens deposited in natural history collections should be considered. Pest incursions that have been eradicated, are under eradication, or have been delimited with no further detections should not be included. (Score)<\/p>\n

–Not established (0)<\/strong> Pest never detected in California, or known only from incursions.<\/span>
\n-Low (-1) Pest has a localized distribution in California, or is established in one suitable climate\/host area (region).
\n-Medium (-2) Pest is widespread in California but not fully established in the endangered area, or pest established in two contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.
\n-High (-3) Pest has fully established in the endangered area, or pest is reported in more than two contiguous or non-contiguous suitable climate\/host areas.<\/p>\n

Evaluation is not established (0).\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong>Colletotrichum siamense is not established in California.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Final Score:<\/h5>\n

7) The final score is the consequences of introduction score minus the post entry distribution and survey information score: (Score)<\/p>\n

Final Score: <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Score of Consequences of Introduction \u2013 Score of Post Entry Distribution and Survey Information =<\/strong> <\/span>12<\/span>.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Uncertainty:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

None.<\/em><\/p>\n

Conclusion and Rating Justification: <\/strong><\/h5>\n

Based on the evidence provided above the proposed rating for the anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> is B.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

References:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

C<\/strong>heng, B. P., Y. H. Huang, X. B. Song, A. T. Peng, J. F. Ling, and X. Chen.\u00a0 2013.\u00a0 First report of Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> causing leaf drop and fruit spot of Citrus reticulata <\/em>Blanco cv. Shiyue Ju in China.\u00a0 Plant Disease 97:1508. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1094\/PDIS-04-13-0352-PDN.<\/p>\n

C<\/strong>howpadda, P., C. S. Chethana, and K. V. Pavani.\u00a0 2015.\u00a0 Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> and C. truncatum<\/em> are responsible for severe outbreaks of anthracnose on onion in southwest India.\u00a0 Journal of Plant Pathology 97, No. 1: (abstract). doi:\u00a010.4454\/JPP.V97I1.015. F<\/strong>arr, D. F., & A. Y. Rossman.\u00a0 Fungal databases, systematic mycology and microbiology laboratory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved April 7, 2015, from<\/p>\n

http:\/\/nt.ars-grin.gov\/fungaldatabases\/<\/a><\/p>\n

James, R.S., J. \u00a0Ray, Y. P. Tan and R. G. Shivas. <\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>2014. \u00a0Colletotrichum siamense<\/em><\/strong>, C. theobromicola<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>and C. queenslandicum<\/em><\/strong> from several plant species and the identification of C. asianum<\/em><\/strong> in the Northern Terr<\/strong>itory, Australia. Australasian Plant Disease Notes : 1-6.<\/p>\n

L<\/strong>arran, S., J. V. Bahima, G. D. Bello, E. Franco, and P. Balatti.\u00a0 2015.\u00a0 Colletotrichum siamense<\/em> causing anthracnose in Bauhinia forficate<\/em> subsp. pruinosa<\/em> in Argentina.\u00a0 Australasian Plant Disease Notes 10:7.<\/p>\n

P<\/strong>rihastuti, H., L. Cai, H. Chen, E. H. C. McKenzie, and K. D. Hyde. \u00a02009. Characterization of Colletotrichum <\/em>species associated with coffee berries in northern Thailand. Fungal Diversity 39: 89-109.<\/p>\n

S<\/strong>harma, G., and B. D. Shenoy.\u00a0 2014.\u00a0 Colletotrichum fructicola<\/em> and C. siamense<\/em> are involved in chili anthracnose in India.\u00a0 Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 47:1179-1194.<\/p>\n

W<\/strong>eir, B. S., P. R. Johnston and U. Damm.\u00a0 2012.\u00a0 The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides<\/em> species complex.\u00a0 Studies in Mycology, 73:115-180. DOI:10.3114\/sim0011.<\/p>\n

\n
Responsible Party:<\/strong><\/h5>\n

John J. Chitambar, Primary Plant Pathologist\/Nematologist, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832. Phone: 916-262-1110, plant.health[@]cdfa.ca.gov.<\/p>\n

\n
Comment Format:<\/h5>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments should refer to the appropriate California Pest Rating Proposal Form subsection(s)\u00a0being commented on, as shown below.<\/p>\n

Example Comment:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Consequences of Introduction: \u00a01. Climate\/Host Interaction:\u00a0[Your comment that relates to \u201cClimate\/Host Interaction\u201d here.<\/em>]<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments will not be able to be viewed immediately.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may not be posted if they:<\/p>\n

Contain inappropriate language which is not germane to\u00a0the pest rating proposal;<\/p>\n

Contains defamatory, false, inaccurate, abusive, obscene, pornographic,\u00a0sexually oriented, threatening, racially offensive, discriminatory or illegal\u00a0material;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting sexual harassment or other forms\u00a0of discrimination;<\/p>\n

Violates agency regulations prohibiting workplace violence, including threats.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Comments may be edited prior to posting to ensure they are entirely germane.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u00a0Posted comments shall be those which have been approved in content and posted to the\u00a0website to be viewed, not just submitted.<\/p>\n

\n

Pest Rating: B<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n

Posted by ls<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

California Pest Rating Proposal for Colletotrichum siamense Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2009 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 On June 26, 2015, a California Dog Team intercepted Cacao seed pods with necrotic spots at a parcel distribution facility in Mariposa County and sent a sample to the CDFA Plant … Continue reading Colletotrichum siamense Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2009<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1117,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[8,4],"tags":[234,233,156,41],"class_list":["post-1369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fungi","category-plant-pathology","tag-anthracnose","tag-colletotrichum-siamense","tag-fungus","tag-plant-pathogens"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5l8vQ-m5","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1141,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1141","url_meta":{"origin":1369,"position":0},"title":"Colletotrichum asianum Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2009","author":"Admin","date":"October 9, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum asianum Prihastuti, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2009 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: During July, 2014, mango fruit exhibiting spots or lesions were intercepted by the CDFA Dog Team in Santa Clara County and samples of symptomatic fruit were sent to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1279,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1279","url_meta":{"origin":1369,"position":1},"title":"Colletotrichum queenslandicum B. Weir & P. R. Johnst. 2012","author":"Admin","date":"November 13, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum queenslandicum B. Weir & P. R. Johnst. 2012 \u00a0Pest Rating: \u00a0B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 On October 29, 2015 California Dog Teams intercepted Persea americana (avocado) fruit at parcel distribution facilities in Los Angeles and Santa Clara Counties.\u00a0 The shipments had originated in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4275,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=4275","url_meta":{"origin":1369,"position":2},"title":"Colletotrichum cliviae Y.L. Yang, Zuo Y. Liu, K.D. Hyde & L. Cai, 2009","author":"Admin","date":"December 4, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum cliviae Y.L. Yang, Zuo Y. Liu, K.D. Hyde & L. Cai, 2009 PEST RATING: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On October 17, 2017, diseased leaves of variegated croton plants (Codiaeum variegata) exhibiting leaf spotting symptoms, were collected from a nursery in San Diego, by\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1227,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1227","url_meta":{"origin":1369,"position":3},"title":"Colletotrichum spaethianum (Allesch.) Damm, P. F. Cannon & Crous, 2009","author":"Admin","date":"October 19, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum spaethianum (Allesch.) Damm, P. F. Cannon & Crous, 2009 Pest Rating: \u00a0B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 On March 27, 2015, a mail shipment containing Iris sp. plants with leaf spots was intercepted by the CDFA Dog Team, at the United States Postal Service\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1518,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=1518","url_meta":{"origin":1369,"position":4},"title":"Colletotrichum cordylinicola Phoulivong, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2011","author":"Admin","date":"January 20, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating Proposal for Colletotrichum cordylinicola Phoulivong, L. Cai & K. D. Hyde, 2011 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: \u00a0 On October 6, 2015 a shipment of Green Ti plant cuttings (Cordyline glauca) showing leaf blight symptoms and destined to a nursery in San Diego County,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3160,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?p=3160","url_meta":{"origin":1369,"position":5},"title":"Colletotrichum sansevieriae M. Nakamura & M. Ohzono 2006","author":"Admin","date":"January 9, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"California Pest Rating for Colletotrichum sansevieriae \u00a0M. Nakamura & M. Ohzono 2006\u00a0 Pest Rating: B PEST RATING PROFILE Initiating Event: On November 11, 2016, diseased Sansevieria sp. plants exhibiting leaf spot symptoms, were intercepted by San Diego County Agricultural officials.\u00a0 The plants had originated in Florida and were destined to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Fungi"","block_context":{"text":"Fungi","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/?cat=8"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1117"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1369"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10493,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1369\/revisions\/10493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/Section3162\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}