{"id":2147,"date":"2024-01-15T21:36:47","date_gmt":"2024-01-16T05:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/?p=2147"},"modified":"2024-01-15T21:36:47","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T05:36:47","slug":"nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tools for California Wheat Growers Increase Yield, Decrease Fertilizer Costs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Note: This is part of a Research Update series that highlights projects funded by the California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s (CDFA)&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/is\/ffldrs\/frep\/CompetitiveGrantProgram.html\">Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) annual grant program<\/a><em>.<\/em><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Title: <\/strong>Achieving Efficient Nitrogen Fertilizer Management in California Wheat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Leader: <\/strong>Mark Lundy, Assistant Cooperative Extension Specialist, University of California, Davis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Status: <\/strong>Completed 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Locations: <\/strong>The project team conducted on-farm demonstrations in the Sacramento Valley, the San Joaquin Valley, the Delta region, and the Intermountain region of Northern California.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"660\" height=\"440\" data-id=\"2152\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1.jpg 660w, https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"2151\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-Wheat-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2151\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Caption: Photos from a project field day demonstrating the benefits of using nitrogen rich reference zones and plant and soil measurements to guide nitrogen management decisions.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wheat and other small grains are grown in diverse agricultural environments throughout California. Approximately 90% of the wheat, triticale, and barley in California is fall-sown and relies to some degree on precipitation that varies dramatically across the state. These conditions make efficient nitrogen (N) fertilizer management difficult because the right rate varies from field-to-field and year-to-year. Therefore, the goal of this project was to demonstrate and enable new ways of achieving best N management practices in California wheat and related winter cereals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This project demonstrated that California wheat growers can effectively increase crop productivity and save N fertilizer by using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N-Rich Reference Zones<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plant and Soil Measurements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UC Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>N-Rich Reference Zones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The N-rich reference zone is a relatively small area within a field where extra N fertilizer is added at the beginning of the season. This extra fertilizer ensures that the reference zone is not N limited between planting and the time when an in-season fertilizer decision is made. When a grower is determining whether and how much N fertilizer to add in-season, plant measurements from both the reference zone and the broader field are compared and combined with soil nitrate measurements to understand whether the broader field is sufficient in available N.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information about establishing a N rich reference zones visit: <a href=\"https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42576\">https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42576<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Plant and Soil Measurements: Canopy and Leaf Reflectance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reflectance measurements help determine plant vigor by measuring light reflected from the whole plant canopy or absorbed by a single leaf. Comparing measurements made in and immediately outside of N-rich zones in representative areas of the field helps determine if the crop is likely to respond to more N fertilizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information about taking reflectance measurements visit: <a href=\"https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42903\">https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42903<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Plant and Soil Measurements: Soil Nitrate Quick Test<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The soil nitrate quick test is a simple and low-cost DIY test. It provides a ballpark estimate of the soil nitrate-N concentration in the crop rootzone. Nitrate is a highly plant-available form of nitrogen. Using the soil nitrate quick test when N fertilizer decisions are being made will help narrow the range of fertilizer rates appropriate for a field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information on how to conduct a soil nitrate quick test visit: <a href=\"http:\/\/smallgrains.ucanr.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/snqt\/\">http:\/\/smallgrains.ucanr.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/snqt\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UC Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The University of California (UC) Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat estimates grain yield and protein responses to in-season applications of N fertilizer. The tool combines site-specific weather and soil data with user-supplied, field-specific measurements and management information to produce real-time estimates of crop responses to added N fertilizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The online tool provides crop monitoring information to produce a targeted in-season N fertilizer recommendation. Recommendations produced for commercial fields throughout the project resulted in an average yield increase of 28% when N deficiency was detected. In addition, when monitoring confirmed that crops were sufficient in N supply, growers saved an average of 50 lb.\/ac N compared to their typical N fertilizer rates. Overall, crops in the demonstration activities removed more N from the soil than was applied as fertilizer, indicating efficient N fertilizer management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To view the UC Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat (Beta) visit:<br><a href=\"https:\/\/smallgrain-n-management.plantsciences.ucdavis.edu\/?page=landing_page\">https:\/\/smallgrain-n-management.plantsciences.ucdavis.edu\/?page=landing_page<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Impact<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The N fertilizer management practices demonstrated over the course of this project can help California wheat farmers manage their N fertilizer more efficiently. Eight California small grain producers were directly engaged with this project covering over 1,800 acres. Further adoption will improve economic outcomes and reduce N pollution in the state. Case studies detailing site specific management practices and outcomes by region can be found on the project website along with links to other project resources: <a href=\"https:\/\/smallgrains.ucdavis.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/N-rich_reference_zones\">https:\/\/smallgrains.ucdavis.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/N-rich_reference_zones<\/a> <em>To learn more about this project and other current and completed FREP projects please visit: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/is\/ffldrs\/frep\/Research.html\"><em>https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/is\/ffldrs\/frep\/Research.html<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note: This is part of a Research Update series that highlights projects funded by the California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s (CDFA)&nbsp;Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) annual grant program. Project Title: Achieving Efficient Nitrogen Fertilizer Management in California Wheat Project Leader: Mark Lundy, Assistant Cooperative Extension Specialist, University of California, Davis Project Status: Completed 2023 Project Locations: The project &hellip;<\/p>\n<div class=\"m-y-md text-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary\" aria-label=\"Continue reading the blog post...\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[456],"tags":[21,8,510,210,58],"class_list":["post-2147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-updates","tag-california-agriculture-research","tag-california-fertilizer-research","tag-california-wheat","tag-irrigation-management","tag-nitrogen-management"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2147"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2153,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147\/revisions\/2153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}