{"id":2147,"date":"2024-01-15T21:36:47","date_gmt":"2024-01-16T05:36:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/?p=2147"},"modified":"2024-01-15T21:36:47","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T05:36:47","slug":"nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tools for California Wheat Growers Increase Yield, Decrease Fertilizer Costs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Note: This is part of a Research Update series that highlights projects funded by the California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s (CDFA)&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/is\/ffldrs\/frep\/CompetitiveGrantProgram.html\">Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) annual grant program<\/a><em>.<\/em><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Title: <\/strong>Achieving Efficient Nitrogen Fertilizer Management in California Wheat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Leader: <\/strong>Mark Lundy, Assistant Cooperative Extension Specialist, University of California, Davis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Status: <\/strong>Completed 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Locations: <\/strong>The project team conducted on-farm demonstrations in the Sacramento Valley, the San Joaquin Valley, the Delta region, and the Intermountain region of Northern California.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"660\" height=\"440\" data-attachment-id=\"2152\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs\/picture1-wheat-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"660,440\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Picture1-Wheat-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1.jpg\" data-id=\"2152\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2152\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1.jpg 660w, https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1-Wheat-1-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"2151\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-Wheat-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2151\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Caption: Photos from a project field day demonstrating the benefits of using nitrogen rich reference zones and plant and soil measurements to guide nitrogen management decisions.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wheat and other small grains are grown in diverse agricultural environments throughout California. Approximately 90% of the wheat, triticale, and barley in California is fall-sown and relies to some degree on precipitation that varies dramatically across the state. These conditions make efficient nitrogen (N) fertilizer management difficult because the right rate varies from field-to-field and year-to-year. Therefore, the goal of this project was to demonstrate and enable new ways of achieving best N management practices in California wheat and related winter cereals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This project demonstrated that California wheat growers can effectively increase crop productivity and save N fertilizer by using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N-Rich Reference Zones<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plant and Soil Measurements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UC Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>N-Rich Reference Zones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The N-rich reference zone is a relatively small area within a field where extra N fertilizer is added at the beginning of the season. This extra fertilizer ensures that the reference zone is not N limited between planting and the time when an in-season fertilizer decision is made. When a grower is determining whether and how much N fertilizer to add in-season, plant measurements from both the reference zone and the broader field are compared and combined with soil nitrate measurements to understand whether the broader field is sufficient in available N.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information about establishing a N rich reference zones visit: <a href=\"https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42576\">https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42576<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Plant and Soil Measurements: Canopy and Leaf Reflectance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reflectance measurements help determine plant vigor by measuring light reflected from the whole plant canopy or absorbed by a single leaf. Comparing measurements made in and immediately outside of N-rich zones in representative areas of the field helps determine if the crop is likely to respond to more N fertilizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information about taking reflectance measurements visit: <a href=\"https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42903\">https:\/\/ucanr.edu\/blogs\/blogcore\/postdetail.cfm?postnum=42903<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Plant and Soil Measurements: Soil Nitrate Quick Test<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The soil nitrate quick test is a simple and low-cost DIY test. It provides a ballpark estimate of the soil nitrate-N concentration in the crop rootzone. Nitrate is a highly plant-available form of nitrogen. Using the soil nitrate quick test when N fertilizer decisions are being made will help narrow the range of fertilizer rates appropriate for a field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information on how to conduct a soil nitrate quick test visit: <a href=\"http:\/\/smallgrains.ucanr.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/snqt\/\">http:\/\/smallgrains.ucanr.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/snqt\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>UC Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The University of California (UC) Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat estimates grain yield and protein responses to in-season applications of N fertilizer. The tool combines site-specific weather and soil data with user-supplied, field-specific measurements and management information to produce real-time estimates of crop responses to added N fertilizer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The online tool provides crop monitoring information to produce a targeted in-season N fertilizer recommendation. Recommendations produced for commercial fields throughout the project resulted in an average yield increase of 28% when N deficiency was detected. In addition, when monitoring confirmed that crops were sufficient in N supply, growers saved an average of 50 lb.\/ac N compared to their typical N fertilizer rates. Overall, crops in the demonstration activities removed more N from the soil than was applied as fertilizer, indicating efficient N fertilizer management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To view the UC Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Tool for California Wheat (Beta) visit:<br><a href=\"https:\/\/smallgrain-n-management.plantsciences.ucdavis.edu\/?page=landing_page\">https:\/\/smallgrain-n-management.plantsciences.ucdavis.edu\/?page=landing_page<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Project Impact<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The N fertilizer management practices demonstrated over the course of this project can help California wheat farmers manage their N fertilizer more efficiently. Eight California small grain producers were directly engaged with this project covering over 1,800 acres. Further adoption will improve economic outcomes and reduce N pollution in the state. Case studies detailing site specific management practices and outcomes by region can be found on the project website along with links to other project resources: <a href=\"https:\/\/smallgrains.ucdavis.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/N-rich_reference_zones\">https:\/\/smallgrains.ucdavis.edu\/Nutrient_Management\/N-rich_reference_zones<\/a> <em>To learn more about this project and other current and completed FREP projects please visit: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/is\/ffldrs\/frep\/Research.html\"><em>https:\/\/www.cdfa.ca.gov\/is\/ffldrs\/frep\/Research.html<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note: This is part of a Research Update series that highlights projects funded by the California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s (CDFA)&nbsp;Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) annual grant program. Project Title: Achieving Efficient Nitrogen Fertilizer Management in California Wheat Project Leader: Mark Lundy, Assistant Cooperative Extension Specialist, University of California, Davis Project Status: Completed 2023 Project Locations: The project &hellip;<\/p>\n<div class=\"m-y-md text-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/nitrogen-fertilizer-management-tools-for-california-wheat-growers-increase-yield-decrease-fertilizer-costs\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary\" aria-label=\"Continue reading the blog post...\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[456],"tags":[21,8,510,210,58],"class_list":["post-2147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-updates","tag-california-agriculture-research","tag-california-fertilizer-research","tag-california-wheat","tag-irrigation-management","tag-nitrogen-management"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9r16A-yD","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":920,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/frep-awards-projects\/","url_meta":{"origin":2147,"position":0},"title":"FREP Awards Projects to Improve Agricultural Fertilizer Management and Water Quality","author":"Brooke Elliot","date":"November 6, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"The California Department of Food and Agriculture's (CDFA) Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) is pleased to announce the award of over $1.1 million in grant funds to agricultural organizations and universities. These grants will fund six projects that will improve the efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of fertilizer\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;FREP Grant Program&quot;","block_context":{"text":"FREP Grant Program","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/category\/frep-grant-program\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":334,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/grants-to-begin-funding-january-2018\/","url_meta":{"origin":2147,"position":1},"title":"Grants to Begin Funding January 2018","author":"Brooke Elliot","date":"January 2, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"The Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) of the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) is pleased to announce the award of almost $800,000 in grant funds to agricultural organizations and universities this year. These grants will fund four projects that will improve the efficiency and reduce the environmental\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;FREP Grant Program&quot;","block_context":{"text":"FREP Grant Program","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/category\/frep-grant-program\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":228,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/research-update-train-the-trainer\/","url_meta":{"origin":2147,"position":2},"title":"Research Update: Train the Trainer","author":"Brooke Elliot","date":"August 15, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Research Project: Train the Trainer: A Nitrogen Management Training Program for Growers. Klassen, P. et al. Status: Second year of a three year study Issue: Growers who belong to California\u2019s Central Valley Water Quality Coalitions and who are in designated high vulnerability areas are under new Irrigated Lands Regulatory Program\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;All&quot;","block_context":{"text":"All","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/category\/all\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Larry Schwankl, UCCE Irrigation Specialist, presenting to CCAs at a Train the Trainer course in November 2015.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/LS-trains-trainers-300x225.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1449,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/accepting-proposals-2020-frep-grants\/","url_meta":{"origin":2147,"position":3},"title":"Now Accepting Proposals for 2020 Fertilizer Research and Education Program Grants","author":"Brooke Elliot","date":"December 5, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s (CDFA) Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) is now accepting proposals for the 2020 grant cycle. FREP\u2019s competitive grant program funds research and education to advance the efficient use of fertilizer materials and reduce environmental impacts associated with them. Two Requests for Proposals\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;FREP Grant Program&quot;","block_context":{"text":"FREP Grant Program","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/category\/frep-grant-program\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":134,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/fertilizer-research-conference-will-be-held-in-modesto-october-26-27-2016\/","url_meta":{"origin":2147,"position":4},"title":"Fertilizer Research Conference Will be Held in Modesto, October 26-27, 2016","author":"Brooke Elliot","date":"October 20, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"The California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) and the Western Plant Health Association (WPHA) are hosting their 24th annual fertilizer research conference on October 26-27, 2016 at the DoubleTree Hotel in Modesto, California. This event brings together industry professionals and academic researchers to learn\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Nutrient Management Events&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Nutrient Management Events","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/category\/nutrient-management-events\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Conf-Blog-Banner","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Conf-Blog-Banner.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Conf-Blog-Banner.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Conf-Blog-Banner.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Conf-Blog-Banner.jpg?resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":72,"url":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/cdfa-accepting-concept-proposals-for-2016-fertilizer-research-and-education-grants\/","url_meta":{"origin":2147,"position":5},"title":"CDFA Accepting Concept Proposals for 2016 Fertilizer Research and Education Grants","author":"Brooke Elliot","date":"December 29, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"The California Department of Food and Agriculture\u2019s Fertilizer Research and Education Program (FREP) is currently accepting concept proposals for the 2016 grant cycle. FREP\u2019s competitive grant program funds research that advances the agronomic and environmental performance of fertilizing materials. The 2016 Request for Proposals (RFP) includes several initiatives put forth\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;FREP Grant Program&quot;","block_context":{"text":"FREP Grant Program","link":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/category\/frep-grant-program\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2147"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2153,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2147\/revisions\/2153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.cdfa.ca.gov\/FREP\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}